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世界贸易组织(World Trade Organization,简称WTO)是目前世界上唯一的多边贸易组织,现有正式成员137个。WTO正式成立于1995年初,其前身是1948年成立的“关税及贸易总协定”(General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade,简称GATT)。WTO及GATT的基本原则主要源于美国1934年通过的《互惠贸易协定法案》,其核心和基础是“最惠国待遇原则”。
The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the world’s only multilateral trade organization with 137 active members. The WTO was formally established in early 1995 and its predecessor was the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) established in 1948. The basic principles of the WTO and the GATT are mainly derived from the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act passed by the United States in 1934, the core and foundation of which is “the most-favored-nation principle.”