论文部分内容阅读
一、知识归纳
1. if虚拟条件句:
虚拟条件句表示与事实相反的假设或不太可能实现的情况。
If I were you, I would study hard.
If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have been saved.
If it should rain / were to rain / rained tomorrow, we would stay at home.
注意:
1)有时候条件句说的是过去的情况,而主句说的是现在的情况。如:
If it had rained last night(过去),the ground would be wet now(现在).
If I had taken your advice(过去),I would have no trouble now(现在).
2)条件句中有were, had, should时可省去if, 形成倒装。如:
Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have been saved.
Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes.
Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.
3)without, otherwise, but for, but引导的短语或句子有时相当于一个虚拟条件句。如:
Without your help, I would never finish the work.
But for your cooperation, we wouldn’t have done the work so well.
I am busy now; otherwise I would do you the favor!
I would have come to the party yesterday, but I was working.
2. wish,would rather后的宾语从句及if only引导的状语从句中常用虚拟语气表示一种愿望,表现在的愿望时用过去式;表过去的愿望时用had + 过去分词;表将来的愿望时用would + 动词原形。如:
I wish I had wings and could fly in the sky.
I wish I had visited the White House when I was in the United States.
I wish I would meet you at the party tomorrow.
I’d rather you posted the letter now.
I’d rather you had returned the book yesterday.
If only I had known the answer at that time!
3. order, command, require, insist, demand , suggest, advise及其名词表示命令、要求、建议时,其后的名词性从句使用(should) + 动词原形结构。如:
Mother insisted that John (should) go to bed at 9 o’clock.(宾语从句)
It was required that the crops (should) be harvested at once.(主语从句)
The suggestion that he (should) be invited was rejected.(同位语从句)
Their demand is that their wages (should) be increased.(表语从句)
4. 在It is necessary / important / strange that-从句中,谓语动词通常用(should) + 动词原形表虚拟。如:
It is strange that such a person (should) be our friends.
5. 在It’s (about / high) time (that)……句型中,谓语动词用过去式或should + 动词原形。如:
It’s time that you went / should go to school.
6. as if / though引导的方式状语从句和表语从句中常使用虚拟语气表示不太可能或不符合事实的情况,表示现在的情况用过去式,表示过去的情况用had + 过去分词。如:
She loves the children as if they were hers.
Tom talked about Rome as if he had been there.
二、巩固训练
1. If (你被解雇), your health care and other benefits would not be immediately cut off. (should)
2. Eliza remembers everything exactly(好像发生) yesterday. (happened)
3. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he(会得分) a goal. (score)
4. Without electronic computers, much of today’s advanced technology (不会取得). (achieve)
5. How I wish every family (有大的房子) with a beautiful garden! (have)
6. Look at the trouble I am in! If only (我听了你的意见). (follow)
7. Who do you suggest (派去工作) there? (send)
8. It’s about time (人们注意) what women did during the war. (take)
9. He required they (工作一整个晚上) for the tents are in great need in that area. (work)
10. (如果有变化) about the date, please inform me of it right away. (should)
11. How I wish (我没尝试) to repair the cellphone! I only made it worse. (try)
12. If the earthquake had hit Sichuan a little earlier, before the students began their class, fewer students .(会遇难)(die)
13. The doctor made a suggestion (他应该戒烟).(give)
14. I (不会感到高兴) if I were criticized without any good reason. (happy)
15. If an earthquake (发生), the old buildings would fall down easily. (be, occur)
16. The doctor insisted that the patient (做手术) immediately. (operate)
17. How I wish (我遇到了那个电影明星) yesterday. (meet)
18. Had I known you were coming today, I (就会接你) at the station. (meet)
19. (要不是因为) modern technology, the Olympic torch would have gone out because of the rain. (be, for)
20. But for your support, we (不可能实施) the plan last month. (carry)
参考答案:
1. you should be fired
2. as if it had happened
3. would have scored
4. would not have been achieved
5. had a large / big house
6. I had followed your advice
7. (should) be sent to work
8. that people took / should take notice of
9. (should) work (for) a whole night
10. Should there be / If there should be any change
11. I hadn’t tried
12. would have died
13. that he should give up smoking
14. wouldn’t feel happy
15. were to occur
16. (should) be operated on
17. I had met the film / movie star
18. would have met you
19. If it had not been for / Had it not been for
20. couldn’t have carried out
1. if虚拟条件句:
虚拟条件句表示与事实相反的假设或不太可能实现的情况。
If I were you, I would study hard.
If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have been saved.
If it should rain / were to rain / rained tomorrow, we would stay at home.
注意:
1)有时候条件句说的是过去的情况,而主句说的是现在的情况。如:
If it had rained last night(过去),the ground would be wet now(现在).
If I had taken your advice(过去),I would have no trouble now(现在).
2)条件句中有were, had, should时可省去if, 形成倒装。如:
Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have been saved.
Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes.
Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.
3)without, otherwise, but for, but引导的短语或句子有时相当于一个虚拟条件句。如:
Without your help, I would never finish the work.
But for your cooperation, we wouldn’t have done the work so well.
I am busy now; otherwise I would do you the favor!
I would have come to the party yesterday, but I was working.
2. wish,would rather后的宾语从句及if only引导的状语从句中常用虚拟语气表示一种愿望,表现在的愿望时用过去式;表过去的愿望时用had + 过去分词;表将来的愿望时用would + 动词原形。如:
I wish I had wings and could fly in the sky.
I wish I had visited the White House when I was in the United States.
I wish I would meet you at the party tomorrow.
I’d rather you posted the letter now.
I’d rather you had returned the book yesterday.
If only I had known the answer at that time!
3. order, command, require, insist, demand , suggest, advise及其名词表示命令、要求、建议时,其后的名词性从句使用(should) + 动词原形结构。如:
Mother insisted that John (should) go to bed at 9 o’clock.(宾语从句)
It was required that the crops (should) be harvested at once.(主语从句)
The suggestion that he (should) be invited was rejected.(同位语从句)
Their demand is that their wages (should) be increased.(表语从句)
4. 在It is necessary / important / strange that-从句中,谓语动词通常用(should) + 动词原形表虚拟。如:
It is strange that such a person (should) be our friends.
5. 在It’s (about / high) time (that)……句型中,谓语动词用过去式或should + 动词原形。如:
It’s time that you went / should go to school.
6. as if / though引导的方式状语从句和表语从句中常使用虚拟语气表示不太可能或不符合事实的情况,表示现在的情况用过去式,表示过去的情况用had + 过去分词。如:
She loves the children as if they were hers.
Tom talked about Rome as if he had been there.
二、巩固训练
1. If (你被解雇), your health care and other benefits would not be immediately cut off. (should)
2. Eliza remembers everything exactly(好像发生) yesterday. (happened)
3. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he(会得分) a goal. (score)
4. Without electronic computers, much of today’s advanced technology (不会取得). (achieve)
5. How I wish every family (有大的房子) with a beautiful garden! (have)
6. Look at the trouble I am in! If only (我听了你的意见). (follow)
7. Who do you suggest (派去工作) there? (send)
8. It’s about time (人们注意) what women did during the war. (take)
9. He required they (工作一整个晚上) for the tents are in great need in that area. (work)
10. (如果有变化) about the date, please inform me of it right away. (should)
11. How I wish (我没尝试) to repair the cellphone! I only made it worse. (try)
12. If the earthquake had hit Sichuan a little earlier, before the students began their class, fewer students .(会遇难)(die)
13. The doctor made a suggestion (他应该戒烟).(give)
14. I (不会感到高兴) if I were criticized without any good reason. (happy)
15. If an earthquake (发生), the old buildings would fall down easily. (be, occur)
16. The doctor insisted that the patient (做手术) immediately. (operate)
17. How I wish (我遇到了那个电影明星) yesterday. (meet)
18. Had I known you were coming today, I (就会接你) at the station. (meet)
19. (要不是因为) modern technology, the Olympic torch would have gone out because of the rain. (be, for)
20. But for your support, we (不可能实施) the plan last month. (carry)
参考答案:
1. you should be fired
2. as if it had happened
3. would have scored
4. would not have been achieved
5. had a large / big house
6. I had followed your advice
7. (should) be sent to work
8. that people took / should take notice of
9. (should) work (for) a whole night
10. Should there be / If there should be any change
11. I hadn’t tried
12. would have died
13. that he should give up smoking
14. wouldn’t feel happy
15. were to occur
16. (should) be operated on
17. I had met the film / movie star
18. would have met you
19. If it had not been for / Had it not been for
20. couldn’t have carried out