论文部分内容阅读
为降低番茄灰霉病病原菌的抗药性,提高防控效果,用菌丝生长速度法确定了番茄灰霉病病原菌适宜生长的温光条件,并对常用的化学药剂和6种生防菌株进行了筛选。结果表明:番茄灰霉病病原菌在5~30℃均可生长,最适温度25~30℃,超过33℃病原菌不萌发,病原菌生长速度在光照条件下总体上略快于黑暗条件。防治番茄灰霉病的药剂C效果最好,在前8天抑菌率达100%;其次是药剂A,药剂B、药剂D效果较差;有光条件下病原菌在含药剂A平板上比黑暗条件下生长速度略快,在含药剂B、D平板上则慢得多。生防菌株以木霉、拟康氏木霉、黑根霉、匍枝根霉对番茄灰霉病抑制效果较好,抑菌率均在65%以上,拮抗级数均达到Ⅱ级,其中木霉、拟康氏木霉、黑根霉对峙的病原菌菌落呈现萎缩现象,抑菌效果较好。在田间试验中,化学药剂C、A对番茄灰霉病防效最高,分别为69.14%、66.01%;生防菌株中木霉发酵液防效最高,为61.09%,其防效处于4种化学药剂的中等水平。
In order to reduce the resistance of Botrytis cinerea to tomato, and to improve the control effect, the temperature and light conditions for the growth of tomato gray mold pathogen were determined by mycelial growth rate, and the commonly used chemical agents and 6 kinds of biocontrol strains filter. The results showed that the pathogen of Botrytis cinerea grew at 5 ~ 30 ℃, the optimum temperature was 25 ~ 30 ℃, the pathogen did not germinate at more than 33 ℃, and the growth speed of pathogen was slightly faster than the dark under light. Botrytis cinerea control C best, in the first 8 days antibacterial rate of 100%; followed by Pharmacy A, Pharmacy B, Pharmacy D less effective; light conditions, the pathogen in the pharmaceutical A plate than the dark Under the conditions of slightly faster growth, containing agents B, D plate is much slower. Biocontrol strains Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma pseudokoningii, Rhizopus niger, Rhizopus stolonifera against tomato gray mold disease better inhibitory rates were above 65%, the antagonistic grade reached grade Ⅱ, of which wood Mildew, Trichoderma koningii, black rhizopus confrontation pathogens colonies showed shrinkage, antibacterial effect is better. In the field experiment, the chemical control C and A had the highest control effect on tomato gray mold, which were 69.14% and 66.01% respectively. The antifungal activity of Trichoderma fermentation broth was the highest, 61.09% Medium level of medication.