论文部分内容阅读
儿童良好的道德品行和人格培养一直备受家庭、学校、社会乃至整个国家所关注。“自然后果”惩罚法与“移情”教育法,是当前儿童德育中使用较为广泛的方法。卢梭自然主义教育的“自然后果”惩戒法,强调从反面惩罚的教育原则出发;而心理学中的“移情”教育,重在从正面引导的教育原则出发。从注重教育后果还是过程、注重惩罚还是引导、注重外发反省还是内发自觉等方面,来审视和比较以上两种德育方法,会发现“移情”教育更注重过程,注重唤醒儿童的良心发现,引发其同情心。“移情”使儿童更加关注“我”与“他者”的同体性相互依存关系,从而使我们的社会实现道德价值观念中真、善、美的最高境界——和谐。
Children’s good moral character and personality training have always been the concern of families, schools, society and even the whole country. “Natural Consequence ” punishment law and “empathy ” education law, is the current children’s moral education is more widely used method. Rousseau’s naturalistic education “natural consequences ” disciplinary law, emphasizing from the negative punishment principle of education; and psychological “empathy ” education, focusing on the positive guiding principle of education. From focusing on educational consequences or processes, focusing on punishment or guidance, paying attention to extrinsic reflection or inner self-awareness, etc., we can find that the “empathy” education pays more attention to the process and focuses on arousal of children Conscience found, triggering sympathy. “Empathy” makes children pay more attention to the interdependence of “I” and “the other”, so that our society can realize the highest, the highest, the perfect and the highest in moral values.