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目的了解社会医疗保险参保人员接种流行性感冒(流感)疫苗后的人群预防效果。方法选择开封市7 000名符合要求的参加医疗保险人员作为对象,用随机抽样方法,抽取2 626人,进行问卷调查。采用历史性队列研究方法,对接种组和对照组进行回顾性调查。结果流感疫苗接种后与接种前相比,年人均感冒发病次数降低1.92次,降低了64.43%(P﹤0.01);接种流感疫苗比未种人群年人均发病次数降低0.95次,降低了47.26%(P﹤0.01);差异均有统计学意义接种过流感疫苗者明显比未接种流感疫苗者所花费的药物治疗费用要低;接种疫苗后,出现发热等一般反应的占7.17%,轻度过敏反应的占1.81%。结论接种流感疫苗是目前预防流感安全有效的措施,对该市参保的人员具有较高的成本效益。
Objective To understand the crowd prevention effect after vaccination of the members of social medical insurance in the epidemic of influenza (influenza). Methods A total of 7 000 eligible medical insurance officers in Kaifeng City were selected as subjects. A random sample of 2 626 people were selected for questionnaire survey. A historical cohort study was conducted to investigate the vaccination and control groups. Results Compared with those before vaccination, the incidence of influenza in per capita flu decreased by 1.92 times and decreased by 64.43% (P <0.01), and the annual incidence of flu vaccination decreased by 0.95 times and 47.26% P <0.01). The differences were statistically significant. Those vaccinated with influenza vaccine had significantly lower cost of medication than those without influenza vaccination. After vaccination, fever and other general reactions accounted for 7.17%, mild allergic reaction Accounted for 1.81%. Conclusion Vaccination with influenza vaccine is the safe and effective measure to prevent influenza and is highly cost-effective for those insured in the city.