晚明,陆王心学占据其文化宗主地位,反对封建礼教,倡导个性自由。汤显祖深受影响,抨击传统礼教,尤其在关注男女恋情方面,取得了巨大的艺术成就,他的《牡丹亭》创作于这一时期,通过塑造杜丽娘爱自然、爱自由、爱生命的反封建反传统的女性形象,为后世展示了他的“至情论”思想,极具思想解放和个性解放的进步意义,但从与陆王心学主张的众多契合之中,也存在着些许矛盾,这关乎作者自身局限,更关乎时代束缚。 Late Ming, Lu Wang Xinxu occupy the position of its cultural sovereignty, oppose feudal ethics, promote individual freedom. Tang Xianzu was deeply influenced and attacked the traditional ethics and rites. He especially made great artistic achievements in paying close attention to the romance of men and women. His “Peony Pavilion” was created during this period. Through the anti-feudal anti-feudalism of creating love for nature, love of freedom and love of life, The traditional image of the female shows his later thoughts on the theory of “feeling of empathy”, which is of great significance for the emancipation of mind and the liberation of individuality. However, there are also some contradictions in the many fit with the advocacy of King Lu. Concerned about the author’s own limitations, but also about the shackles of the times.