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为了降低网箱养鱼对水体的污染,实现水产养殖业的可持续发展,探求环保型生态网箱,以筛选得到的网箱优势植物大薸和青萍为研究对象,设置青萍、大薸单种和青萍-大薸混栽3种体系,考察其对网箱养鱼氮磷移除的效果。结果表明:青萍生态网箱、大薸生态网箱、青萍-大薸混栽生态网箱和传统网箱对网箱养鱼氮的回收率分别为41.5%、39.35%、39.50%和36.05%,磷的回收率分别为31.54%、29.80%、30.22%和27.74%,生态网箱与传统网箱的氮磷回收率均有显著性差异(p<0.05);青萍生态网箱、大薸生态网箱、青萍-大薸混栽生态网箱与传统网箱氮、磷的利用率分别为28.65%、26.29%、26.59%、23.06%和18.70%、17.21%、17.38%、14.63%,生态网箱的氮、磷利用率均显著高于传统网箱(p<0.05);对氮磷移除效果最好为青萍,网箱要达到理论上氮磷零排放的养殖面积与水草面积比为1∶19.90。
In order to reduce the pollution of cages and aquaculture to the water body and realize the sustainable development of the aquaculture industry, the paper explores the eco-friendly ecological cages. Taking the scallop plants Daping and Qingping as the research objects, Single and Qingping - Daping mixed planting three kinds of systems, to examine the effect of cage fish nitrogen and phosphorus removal. The results showed that the recovery rates of net nitrogen in fish ponds were 41.5%, 39.35%, 39.50% and 36.05% respectively for Qingcai ecological cage, Taihu ecological cage, Qingping-Taiyi mixed ecological cage and traditional cage. % And phosphorus recovery rates were 31.54%, 29.80%, 30.22% and 27.74% respectively. There was a significant difference (p <0.05) in the recoveries of nitrogen and phosphorus between the ecological cages and traditional cages (P <0.05)利The utilization rates of ecological cages, green cages and big cages mixed ecological cages and traditional cages were 28.65%, 26.29%, 26.59%, 23.06% and 18.70%, 17.21%, 17.38% and 14.63% respectively, (P <0.05). The removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus was the best in Pingdingshan, and the net cage should reach the theoretical area of zero nitrogen and phosphorus emissions and aquaculture The area ratio is 1:19.90.