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京剧锣鼓是京剧表演伴奏音乐的重要组成部分。它是由一个个具有一定节奏特色和情绪内涵的锣鼓点子编排、组合而成的。演奏者依据一定的艺术规则,以文学性的遣词造句的方法,将它与包括唱、念、做、打的舞台表演结合起来,并贯串于全剧的始终。它作为伴奏音乐,有强化、衬垫表演节奏,引导舞台表演及乐队伴奏的启、承、转、合之作用;作为艺术语言,它又能起到强化体现人物思想感情、刻画人物性格,表现环境、背景,渲染舞台气氛等多种功效。锣鼓音乐伴奏,善于通过对有限锣鼓乐形式的变化运用,去配合表现纷繁、复杂的生活内容和舞台动作。在锣鼓使用方法上,既有很强的规则性,又有很大的伸缩性、灵活性。例如,同一个锣鼓点子经过一些适当变化,也可派生出多种打法;在实际演奏中,一个锣鼓点子的打法又当有节奏、情绪上的起伏变化,并以此来适应舞台上剧情变化、性格塑造的多种需要。在下面的篇幅里,我们将列举一些常用的锣鼓点子、锣鼓牌子以及因表演的程式化特点而相应生成的锣鼓套子,通过对它们音乐形式、艺术色彩及运用例证的分析、介绍,使读者对京剧锣鼓音乐有个初步的认识、了解。
Beijing Opera percussion is an important part of Beijing Opera performance accompaniment music. It consists of one by one with a certain rhythm and emotional content of the gongs and drums choreography, a combination of. Based on certain rules of art, the performer uses a literary way of doing words and phrases to combine it with stage performances including singing, reading, doing and playing, and runs through the entire play. As an accompaniment of music, it plays an important role in enhancing the rhythmicity of performance, performing tempo in padding, guiding the performance of stage performances and band accompaniment. As an artistic language, it also plays an important role in enhancing the expression of thoughts and feelings of characters, characterization and performance Environment, background, rendering stage atmosphere and many other effects. Percussion accompaniment, good at through the limited use of drums and music in the form of changes to meet the performance of numerous and complex content of life and stage movements. In the use of gongs and drums, both the strong rules, but also a great scalability, flexibility. For example, the same percussion instrument after some appropriate changes can also be derived from a variety of play; in the actual performance, a percussion play and rhythms, when the emotional ups and downs, and in order to adapt to the stage plot Variety, personality shaping a variety of needs. In the following pages, we will list some commonly used gongs and drums, gongs and drums, and the drums and gongs and drums that are produced due to the stylized features of the performances. Through the analysis of their musical forms, artistic colors and application examples, Beijing Opera percussion music has a preliminary understanding of.