欧盟的共同防务经历了一个漫长而曲折的过程。首要性、滞后性、内倾性、长期性、相对独立性是其特点。超国家权力与国家主权之间的矛盾 ,国家利益之间的冲突 ,欧洲主导权的争夺 ,运行机制的缺陷 ,战略清晰度之不够 ,内在动力之不足 ,是欧盟共同防务发展存在的问题。欧盟共同防务的发展不会停止下来 ,但也不可能太快 ,还有很长的路要走。欧盟共同防务在短时间内也不大可能取代以美国为首的北约。俄罗斯是影响欧盟共同防务和安全发展的一个重要因素 The EU’s common defense has undergone a long and tortuous process. First, lag, introversion, long-term, relative independence is its characteristics. The contradiction between super-national power and state sovereignty, conflicts between national interests, the dominance of Europe, the shortcomings of operational mechanisms, lack of strategic clarity and lack of intrinsic motivation are the problems existing in the EU’s common defense development. The development of EU common defense will not stop, but it can not be too fast and there is still a long way to go. It is unlikely that the EU common defense will replace the U.S.-led NATO in a short period of time. Russia is an important factor that affects the common defense and security of the EU