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目的了解2015年西安市手足口病的病原学特征,为手足口病防治提供科学依据。方法对西安市儿童医院的手足口病重症病例及各区县送检的疑似手足口病例采集标本信息及肛拭子,通过荧光定量PCR方法对多种病原进行检测及分析。结果共收集病例1 323份,肠道病毒阳性1 182例(89.34%),其中EV71、CA16及其他肠道病毒分别为258(19.50%)、286(21.62%)及638(48.22%)例。重症病例中其他肠道病毒构成比最高,为53.31%。对274份随机挑选的其他肠道病毒进行分析后显示,主要以CA6为主(82.12%)。结论 2015年度CA6引起的手足口病在西安地区较为多见,且是重症病例的首要病原,应将CA6的检测纳入手足口病的病原学常规检测项目。
Objective To understand the etiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Xi’an in 2015 and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods Specimens and anal swabs were collected from severe cases of hand-foot-mouth disease in Xi’an Children’s Hospital and suspected cases of hand, foot and mouth disease in each district and county. Fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect and analyze a variety of pathogens. Results A total of 1 323 samples were collected and 1 182 (89.34%) were positive for enterovirus. The EV71, CA16 and other enteroviruses were 258 (19.50%), 286 (21.62%) and 638 (48.22%) respectively. In other critically ill cases, the ratio of other enteroviruses was the highest (53.31%). Analysis of 274 randomly selected other enteroviruses showed that predominantly CA6 was predominant (82.12%). Conclusion Hand-foot-mouth disease caused by CA6 in 2015 is more common in Xi’an and is the most important pathogen of severe cases. The detection of CA6 should be included in the routine etiology test of hand-foot-mouth disease.