对社会资产漠不关心,效益低下,被称为所有公有制(其主体是国有制)国家的通病。以至在寻求发展的经济改革中,很多人将公有制视为病根,因而极力主张改革公有制和重建所有制,尤其是要明确产权关系,从而提高劳动者(经济活动的参与者,下同)对资产的关切度。事实上,这是在改头换面地坚持“只有私有化才能明确产权关系,才能保证人们对资产的关心”的命题。那么,这一命题能否成立呢?笔者的回答是否定的。诚然,在现实生活中的确存在“人只关心自己的东西”这样一种“私有制逻辑”,而且,从大的范围来看,繁荣和高效益的事实似乎全都出现在私有制国家, Indifference to social assets, low efficiency, known as all public ownership (its main state-owned) countries common problem. Even in the economic reforms that are seeking to develop, many people regard public ownership as the root cause. Therefore, they strongly advocate the reform of public ownership and the rebuilding of ownership. In particular, it is necessary to clarify the relations of property rights, so as to enhance the protection of assets by workers (participants in economic activities) Concern. In fact, this is a proposition of reshaping the one who insisted on “privatization can only clarify the relationship between property rights and ensure people’s interest in assets.” So, this proposition can be established? The author’s answer is no. It is true that there is indeed a “logic of private ownership” in real life and that, from a large scale, the fact that prosperity and high efficiency appear to all occur in private-owned countries,