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目的探讨手足口病临床病例样本的肠道病毒流行特征。方法收集350例临床诊断为手足口病患者的咽拭子、血浆和粪便标本387份,采用巢式PCR方法进行肠道病毒的检测,对肠道病毒阳性的标本应用测序方法根据5’UTR基因序列进行病毒分型。结果在350例临床诊断病例中,病原学诊断或者核酸检测阳性病例245例,其中男138例,女107例,性别比1.54∶1。387份临床样本中,肠道病毒阳性共217份,检出率为56.1%。245例病原学诊断或核酸检测阳性病例中,人肠道病毒71型(EV71)125例,占51.0%;柯萨奇病毒A组(CVA)16型90例,占36.7%;其他型肠道病毒20例,占8.2%;有10份阳性病例无法鉴定分型,占4.1%。结论奉化市2010—2013年手足口病以EV71及CVA16型为主,其中2010—2012年以EV71为主,2012—2013年以CVA16为主,其他型如CVA4、CVA6、CVA10、CVA12及CVB3等也有发现。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of enterovirus in clinical samples of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods A total of 387 throat swabs, plasma and stool samples from 350 clinically diagnosed HFMD patients were collected. The nested PCR method was used to detect the enterovirus, and the enterovirus positive samples were sequenced according to the 5’UTR gene Sequence the virus typing. Results Of the 350 clinically diagnosed cases, 245 cases were positive for pathogenic diagnosis or nucleic acid test, including 138 males and 107 females, and 217 were positive for enterovirus in clinical samples with a sex ratio of 1.54: 1.387 The rate was 56.1%. Of the 245 cases with positive etiological diagnosis or nucleic acid test, 125 cases were human enterovirus 71 (EV71), accounting for 51.0%; 90 cases were Coxsackie virus A (CVA) 16, accounting for 36.7%; other intestinal 20 cases of viruses, accounting for 8.2%; 10 positive cases can not identify typing, accounting for 4.1%. Conclusion Fenghuang City was mainly infected with EV71 and CVA16 from 2010 to 2013, with EV71 mainly from 2010 to 2012 and CVA16 from 2012 to 2013. Other types such as CVA4, CVA6, CVA10, CVA12 and CVB3 Also found.