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由国家科委派出的“卫星大地测量考察团”一行七人,于1981年3月7日出发,4月11日回国,历时35天,访问了了西德和美国的二十多个有关单位。这次考察,着重了解国外激光测卫测月研究工作的水平与动向,观测仪器的设计方案与技术,观测站的建设与工作经验;并顺便了解有关甚长基线干涉测量的一些情况。考察团参观访问的主要单位有:西德应用大地测量研究所(JfAG)及其所属Wettzell观测站;美国主管激光测卫测月和甚长基线干涉测量的航宇局(NASA)戈达德空间飞行中心(GSFC)及其所属一个固定站、两个流动站,以及NASA的喷气推进实验室(JPL);美国国防制图局(DMA);国家大地测量局(NGS);海军天文台(USNO);史密森天文台(SAO)总部;马里兰大学物理和天文学系量子电子学实验室及其激光测距试验装置;德克萨斯大学天文系及McDonald天文台激光测距系统;夏威夷大学Haleakala天文台激光测距系统(LURE);制造电影经纬仪、天文望远镜和激光测距流动站的Contraves Goerze公司(CGC);制造激光器和激光测距固定系统的GTE Sylvania公司西分部;制造固体激光器的Apollo Lasers公司、Quantel公司和General Phonics公司;制造电光晶体和电光开关、倍频器件的Lasermetrics公司;制造交叉场光电倍增管的Varian公司;拥有甚长基线干涉仪的Haystack天文台、哈佛大学的Fort Davis站、加州理工学院等;斯坦福大学Ginzton实验室;加州大学Berkley分校。考察团在这些单位受到同行的科学家和工程技术人员热情友好的接待,了解到许多有关的情况。由于时间紧迫和水平的限制,有些情况没能更仔细深入地了解。本文打算把掌握的激光测卫测月基本情况报告出来,供国内同行参考。
The delegation headed by “State Geodetic Survey Mission” sent by the State Science and Technology Commission started on March 7, 1981 and returned to China on April 11, which lasted 35 days. It visited more than 20 relevant units in West Germany and the United States . This investigation focuses on understanding the level and trends of the overseas laser inspection moon survey, the design scheme and technology of observing instruments, the construction and observation experience of observing stations, and by the way, some cases concerning the measurement of very long baseline interference. The main missions visited by the delegation were: West German Institute of Geodesy (JfAG) and its Wettzell Observatory; the United States NASA Goddard space (NASA) responsible for moon detection and long baseline interferometry Flight Center (GSFC) and its affiliates, two rovers, and NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL); the U.S. Defense Graphics Agency (DMA); the National Geodesy (NGS); the Naval Observatory (USNO) Smithsonian Observatory (SAO) headquarters; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Maryland Quantum Electronics Laboratory and its laser ranging test device; University of Texas Department of Astronomy and McDonald Observatory laser ranging system; University of Hawaii Haleakala Observatory laser ranging (LURE); Contraves Goerze Company (CGC) for the production of film theodolites, astronomical telescopes and laser ranging rovers; GTE Sylvania West Division for manufacturing lasers and laser ranging fixed systems; Apollo Lasers for manufacturing solid-state lasers, Quantel Inc. and General Phonics; Lasermetrics, Inc., maker of electro-optic crystal and electro-optic switches and frequency multiplication devices; Varian, manufacturer of crossed-field photomultipliers; Haystack Observatory with long baseline interferometer, Fort Davis station at Harvard University, Caltech, etc .; Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University; Berkley, University of California. The delegation was warmly and cordially received by scientists and engineers from their counterparts in these units and learned a lot about the situation. Due to time constraints and horizontal constraints, some situations have not been able to understand more closely. This article intends to master the monthly report of the moon detection of moon detection report for domestic counterparts reference.