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本文提出了测定圆截面杆弯曲时的最大应变εmx(或最大弯矩Mmx)的一种新方法——“三片法”。它比传统的方法有以下的优点:①它在粘贴电阻应变片时没有准确的角度要求,因此给贴电阻应变片带来很大的方便。②它克服了传统方法粘贴电阻应变片时因角度找不准而带来的误差。③“三片法”是按每两片的测得值来计算εmx而后取其算术平均值,因而较传统方法提高了精度和可靠性。使电测圆截面杆的εmx或Mmx的实验理论与方法更为完善。
In this paper, a new method for determining the maximum strain εmx (or the maximum bending moment Mmx) of a circular section bar during bending is proposed - the “three-piece method”. Compared with the traditional method, it has the following advantages: ① It does not have an accurate angle requirement when pasting the strain gage, so it is very convenient to stick the strain gage. ② It overcomes the error caused by the inaccuracy of the angle when the traditional method of pasting the strain gages is stuck. ③ “three-piece method” is based on the measured value of every two to calculate εmx and then take the arithmetic mean, thus more accuracy and reliability than the traditional method. The experimental theory and method of measuring εmx or Mmx of electric measuring round rod are more perfect.