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语法教学不应拘泥与传统的记忆和练习的方式,教师可以通过创设情境,把语法点融入到学生活动和事例当中,让学生感受和运用语法知识,提高学生对语法学习的自觉性。
传统语法教学 情境 主动 运用
【中图分类号】G633.4【文献标识码】A【文章编号】 1005-8877(2018)32-0164-01
1.语法教学的现状
往年的教学中,大多学生都认为英语语法是枯燥、乏味、难记、易忘的。这就极大地影响了他们学习英语的兴趣,同时更制约着他们英语成绩的提高。在过去的英语语法课堂教学中,教师的一般做法是先仔细讲解语法知识的概念、定义、结构与特点,接着再呈现例句并加以说明,最后设计许多练习,让学生进行练习与巩固,这样的教学过程和模式。不仅使学生在掌握英语语法上有些困惑, 基础略差的学生更是一头雾水. 而且在教学过程中,有时为了赶时间完成课程任务,无法避免地仍旧采用了传统的教育方式,使学生处于被动状态。教师是课堂的主体,学生通过被动的听、记、练来接受知识。似乎“一学就会”,在实际语言情境中学生还是不能正确使用所学的语法知识去解决实际问题。究其原因是因为我们只重视语法知识的讲解与传授,而忽视了学生的学习兴趣和思维的主动性,导致学生只会简单模仿,死记规则,缺乏在语境中实际运用英语的能力。
2.情境在语法教学中的运用
其实,为了改变这种传统的语法教学模式,我们可以主动创设一些情境,通过把学生的活动或者生活的事例与相对应的语法点结合起来,让学生通过语境来理解语法知识,并且通过活动呈现出来。下面以-ing做后置定语和状语为例。
(1)导入。呈现学生图片,然后让学生用已学过的定语从句来描述,教师再把定语从句融合,从而引出-ing形式做后置定语。
The boys who are playing basketball are OuJie and Qiu Yisen..
While we are crossing the road,we should be careful.
修改:The boys playing basketball are OuJie and Qiu Yisen.
Crossing the road,we should be careful.
(2)呈现新知识。通过学生活动的图片和生活事例,让学生用相应的定语从句或者状语从句来描述,然后老师引导学生对从句进行改装,从而展现出-ing形式做后置定语和状语,让学生初步感知语法点。
The girl who wears a pair of glasses is Lin Xiaojing.
The competition attracted over 600competitors. They represent 10 different countries.
Some students stood in line at the school gate and welcomed the parents.
Because he was ill,he slept in class last night.
If we run every day,we will be healthy.
A bus accident happened in Quanzhou. It caused 7 deaths.
She had finished the work in time. She was allowed to go out.
修改:做后置定語
The girl wearing a pair of glasses is Lin Xiaojing.
参考文献
The competition attracted more than 600 competitors
representing 10 different countries.
做状语。Some students stood in line at the school gate,welc
oming the parents .Being ill,he slept in class last night.
Running every day,we will be healthy.A bus accident happened in Quanzhou,causing 7 deaths.
Having finished the work in time,she was allowed to go out.
(3)高考链接.通过设计题目让学生在练习中感受语法点,而且题目要多样式,从易到难,考察学生的识别,填空及运用的能力。
辨一辨。1. Not knowing which university to attend,the girl asked her teacher for advice.2.The man with sunglasses standing next to the car is a doctor.3. Knowing she had got injured,he hurried to the hospital.4. My car was caught in a traffic jam,causing the delay.5. Having cleaned the rooms,we began to weed the garden.
填一填。1.The boy ____(stand) there is a classmate of mine.2. ___(see) from the eighth floor,Zhanjiang No.2 Middle School looks more beautiful.3. She wished that he was as easy_(please) as her mother.(2011);
(4)He suddenly appeared in class one day,____(wear) sun glasses.(2012);5.He spit(吐)it out,___(say) it was awful.(2014);6.Abercrombie & Kent says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people ___(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.(2015年全国1卷)
(5)总结。动词词组放在名词的后边做后置定语,无逗号隔开,相当于定语从句。动词 -ing 形式作状语可以表示时间,原因,结果,条件,行为方式或伴随动作等。
分词短语记忆口诀。分词做状语,主语是问题 逗号前后两动作,共用一主语 主语找出后,再来判关系 主动用-ing,被动用-ed having done 表先后,千万要牢记。
(6)反思。语法课一直都是比较乏味的课程,所以语法教学可以学生活动为情境作为切入点,注重学生对现在分词作后置定语和状语的区分。此外,我也结合了高考的考点(语法填空和写作),根据题目从易到难的层次,设计了成分辨析,填词,改写,造句及模仿写作等练习,考察学生识别、填空及写作等方面的运用能力,让学生在小组练习中感受语法点。而且,在今后的教学中,我会注重培养学生“写对”句子基础上,培养学生写出“高级句型”,提高学生写作水平。
语法教学不应该停留在教师呈现语法规则,学生记忆然后大量的练习巩固。我们应该让学生对语法课化被动为主动,那么我们就可以通过学生活动或者身边的事例与语法点结合起来,让学生在日常生活中理解语法点,使得学生对此记忆也比较深刻,也比较容易将语法点输出。
[1]胡春洞,《英语教学法》,高等教育出版社,1992
[2]程小堂.任务型语言教学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[3]杨旭松.浅谈任务型教学法在高中英语语法教学的应用[J].湖北经济学院学报:人文社会科学版,2010,(6).
传统语法教学 情境 主动 运用
【中图分类号】G633.4【文献标识码】A【文章编号】 1005-8877(2018)32-0164-01
1.语法教学的现状
往年的教学中,大多学生都认为英语语法是枯燥、乏味、难记、易忘的。这就极大地影响了他们学习英语的兴趣,同时更制约着他们英语成绩的提高。在过去的英语语法课堂教学中,教师的一般做法是先仔细讲解语法知识的概念、定义、结构与特点,接着再呈现例句并加以说明,最后设计许多练习,让学生进行练习与巩固,这样的教学过程和模式。不仅使学生在掌握英语语法上有些困惑, 基础略差的学生更是一头雾水. 而且在教学过程中,有时为了赶时间完成课程任务,无法避免地仍旧采用了传统的教育方式,使学生处于被动状态。教师是课堂的主体,学生通过被动的听、记、练来接受知识。似乎“一学就会”,在实际语言情境中学生还是不能正确使用所学的语法知识去解决实际问题。究其原因是因为我们只重视语法知识的讲解与传授,而忽视了学生的学习兴趣和思维的主动性,导致学生只会简单模仿,死记规则,缺乏在语境中实际运用英语的能力。
2.情境在语法教学中的运用
其实,为了改变这种传统的语法教学模式,我们可以主动创设一些情境,通过把学生的活动或者生活的事例与相对应的语法点结合起来,让学生通过语境来理解语法知识,并且通过活动呈现出来。下面以-ing做后置定语和状语为例。
(1)导入。呈现学生图片,然后让学生用已学过的定语从句来描述,教师再把定语从句融合,从而引出-ing形式做后置定语。
The boys who are playing basketball are OuJie and Qiu Yisen..
While we are crossing the road,we should be careful.
修改:The boys playing basketball are OuJie and Qiu Yisen.
Crossing the road,we should be careful.
(2)呈现新知识。通过学生活动的图片和生活事例,让学生用相应的定语从句或者状语从句来描述,然后老师引导学生对从句进行改装,从而展现出-ing形式做后置定语和状语,让学生初步感知语法点。
The girl who wears a pair of glasses is Lin Xiaojing.
The competition attracted over 600competitors. They represent 10 different countries.
Some students stood in line at the school gate and welcomed the parents.
Because he was ill,he slept in class last night.
If we run every day,we will be healthy.
A bus accident happened in Quanzhou. It caused 7 deaths.
She had finished the work in time. She was allowed to go out.
修改:做后置定語
The girl wearing a pair of glasses is Lin Xiaojing.
参考文献
The competition attracted more than 600 competitors
representing 10 different countries.
做状语。Some students stood in line at the school gate,welc
oming the parents .Being ill,he slept in class last night.
Running every day,we will be healthy.A bus accident happened in Quanzhou,causing 7 deaths.
Having finished the work in time,she was allowed to go out.
(3)高考链接.通过设计题目让学生在练习中感受语法点,而且题目要多样式,从易到难,考察学生的识别,填空及运用的能力。
辨一辨。1. Not knowing which university to attend,the girl asked her teacher for advice.2.The man with sunglasses standing next to the car is a doctor.3. Knowing she had got injured,he hurried to the hospital.4. My car was caught in a traffic jam,causing the delay.5. Having cleaned the rooms,we began to weed the garden.
填一填。1.The boy ____(stand) there is a classmate of mine.2. ___(see) from the eighth floor,Zhanjiang No.2 Middle School looks more beautiful.3. She wished that he was as easy_(please) as her mother.(2011);
(4)He suddenly appeared in class one day,____(wear) sun glasses.(2012);5.He spit(吐)it out,___(say) it was awful.(2014);6.Abercrombie & Kent says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people ___(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.(2015年全国1卷)
(5)总结。动词词组放在名词的后边做后置定语,无逗号隔开,相当于定语从句。动词 -ing 形式作状语可以表示时间,原因,结果,条件,行为方式或伴随动作等。
分词短语记忆口诀。分词做状语,主语是问题 逗号前后两动作,共用一主语 主语找出后,再来判关系 主动用-ing,被动用-ed having done 表先后,千万要牢记。
(6)反思。语法课一直都是比较乏味的课程,所以语法教学可以学生活动为情境作为切入点,注重学生对现在分词作后置定语和状语的区分。此外,我也结合了高考的考点(语法填空和写作),根据题目从易到难的层次,设计了成分辨析,填词,改写,造句及模仿写作等练习,考察学生识别、填空及写作等方面的运用能力,让学生在小组练习中感受语法点。而且,在今后的教学中,我会注重培养学生“写对”句子基础上,培养学生写出“高级句型”,提高学生写作水平。
语法教学不应该停留在教师呈现语法规则,学生记忆然后大量的练习巩固。我们应该让学生对语法课化被动为主动,那么我们就可以通过学生活动或者身边的事例与语法点结合起来,让学生在日常生活中理解语法点,使得学生对此记忆也比较深刻,也比较容易将语法点输出。
[1]胡春洞,《英语教学法》,高等教育出版社,1992
[2]程小堂.任务型语言教学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[3]杨旭松.浅谈任务型教学法在高中英语语法教学的应用[J].湖北经济学院学报:人文社会科学版,2010,(6).