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人呼吸道合胞病毒(human respiratory syncytial virus,RSV)是引起婴幼儿下呼吸道感染的最重要的病毒病原,减毒RSV活疫苗能模拟自然感染充分活化机体固有免疫系统,并诱导产生体液免疫和细胞免疫,不会产生疾病增强作用,经黏膜途径应用,能突破母传抗体的干扰,因而受到广泛关注,反向遗传学(reverse genetics)在减轻野生型RSV毒力和增强其免疫原性等方面具有传统减毒技术不可比拟的优势,所以综述了反向遗传学在RSV减毒活疫苗研究中的应用。
Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most important viral pathogen causing lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children. The attenuated RSV live vaccine can simulate natural infection to fully activate the body’s innate immune system and induce humoral immunity and cells Immune, does not produce disease-enhancing effect, the application of mucosal pathways, can break through the mother-antibody interference, which has received widespread attention, reverse genetics (reverse genetics) in reducing the virulence of wild-type RSV and enhance its immunogenicity With the incomparable advantages of traditional attenuated technology, the application of reverse genetics in the study of live attenuated RSV vaccine is reviewed.