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一切生物体的基本结构是细胞,由细胞或细胞群体来完成生命现象。各细胞因所处的部位不同,功能也各异,但皆有共同的基本结构和基本的生理现象。任何细胞均由细胞膜、细胞质及细胞核(核膜、核质、核仁)组成,担负着维持生命的使命,如新陈代谢、使生物体有固有的生长发育、分化、遗传、变异等。实验研究证明,细胞内物质的结构十分复杂,其中主要是核酸。由于核酸含醣不同,而分为两大类,一类为脱氧核糖核酸(DNA),另一类为核糖核酸(RNA),前者
The basic structure of all organisms is the cell, which is a cell or cell population that completes the life phenomenon. Each cell has different functions and functions due to its different parts, but all share a common basic structure and basic physiological phenomena. Any cell consists of a cell membrane, a cytoplasm, and a nucleus (nuclear membrane, nucleoplasm, nucleolus), and is responsible for the mission of sustaining life, such as metabolism, intrinsic growth and development of organisms, differentiation, inheritance, and mutation. Experimental studies have shown that the structure of the intracellular substances is very complex, mainly nucleic acids. Since the nucleic acid contains different sugars, it is divided into two major categories, one is deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the other is ribonucleic acid (RNA), the former