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直隶省同沿海各省一样,在清代也曾将近海水域划分为内洋和外洋,加以行政和军事的管辖。天津水师曾经四度设立四度裁撤,第一次筹建于1725年,裁撤于1767年;第二次谕令复设于1816年冬季,裁撤于1826年;第三次、第四次分别筹建于1842年和1858年,均半途而废。探索这一奇特现象的成因,我们发现,无论是主张设立天津水师,抑或是奏请裁撤,地理环境的影响都很重要。地理环境是一种客观存在,关键是如何认识它。人们对于地理环境的认识能力影响着人们对于地理环境的选择和适应程度。
Like other coastal provinces, Zhili province also classified the offshore waters into the ocean and the outer ocean in the Qing Dynasty, subject to administrative and military jurisdiction. The Tianjin Navy had set up four degrees of abolition in four degrees, the first one to be built in 1725 and the abolishment to 1767; the second to be reinstated in the winter of 1816 and abolished in 1826; the third and fourth times to be built separately In 1842 and 1858, all came to an end. To explore the causes of this peculiar phenomenon, we found that the influence of the geographical environment is very important whether it is advocating the establishment of Tianjin Navy or the abolition of the plot. Geographical environment is an objective existence, the key is how to recognize it. People’s awareness of the geographical environment affects people’s choice and adaptation to the geographical environment.