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目的探讨G1型轮状病毒(rotavirus,RV)的分子生物学检测及其在RV感染性腹泻诊治中的应用价值。方法收集90例腹泻患儿第1、3天大便标本各90份,根据RV基因序列,结合文献设计针对RV G1型引物和探针,采用PCR法检测第1天标本中RV核酸,以免疫胶体金法检测第1、3天标本中RV抗体,比较2种方法检测阳性率。将PCR检测阳性病例随机分为2组,观察组立即行抗病毒及对症治疗,对照组在免疫胶体金法RV抗体阳性时再行上述治疗,比较2组住院时间。结果 PCR法共检出RV核酸51例,检测阳性率(56.7%)与第1天免疫胶体金法检测阳性率(6.7%)比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),与第3天阳性率(48.9%,)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组住院时间((8.0±2.5)d)低于对照组((15.0±1.5)d)(P<0.05)。结论 PCR技术对RV G1型检测具有较高特异性和敏感性,有助于疾病的早期诊断与治疗。
Objective To investigate the molecular biology of rotavirus (RV) G1 and its application in the diagnosis and treatment of RV infectious diarrhea. Methods Ninety stool samples from 90 diarrhea children were collected on the first and third days respectively. According to the RV gene sequence and RV G1 primer and probe design, the RV nucleic acids were detected by PCR. The immunogold The detection of RV antibody on day 1 and day 3 by gold method was used to compare the positive rates of the two methods. PCR positive cases were randomly divided into two groups, the observation group immediately antiviral and symptomatic treatment, the control group immunostained gold method RV antibody positive again after the above treatment, the two groups of hospital stay. Results There were 51 cases of RV nucleic acid detected by PCR, the positive rate was 56.7% and the positive rate by immunohistochemistry (6.7%) on the first day was statistically significant (P <0.01) There was no significant difference in the rate (48.9%) between the two groups (P> 0.05). The length of hospital stay in the observation group was (8.0 ± 2.5) days lower than that in the control group (15.0 ± 1.5 days) (P <0.05). Conclusion PCR technique has high specificity and sensitivity for RV G1 detection, which is helpful for the early diagnosis and treatment of the disease.