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知识产权海关保护作为知识产权法律制度的组成部分,是伴随着世界经济形势发展和变化而赋予海关的一项新的职能。知识产权的私权性及利益平衡理论是知识产权的理论基石。TRIPs协议作为国际协议,要求成员承认知识产权的私权属性,且在平衡各成员利益基础上,构筑与贸易有关的知识产权保护的制度体系。知识产权海关保护制度具有不同于海关传统职能特点。其执法程序设置体现了知识产权私权属性,以及相关利益法律调整的价值目标。海关知识产权边境执法措施说明,公权力对于知识产权管理的介入,并非私权的公权化。而是基于知识产权特点,通过公法的调整和行政机关的管理,使得知识产权保护更为有效,呈现出私法公法化趋势。
As an integral part of the legal system of intellectual property, customs protection of intellectual property is a new function that is given to the customs along with the development and changes of the world economic situation. Intellectual property rights and the balance of interests theory is the theoretical cornerstone of intellectual property. As an international agreement, TRIPs requires members to recognize the private rights of intellectual property and to establish a system of trade-related systems of intellectual property protection on the basis of balancing the interests of all members. Customs protection system of intellectual property is different from the traditional customs functions. The set of law enforcement procedures embodies the property rights of intellectual property rights, as well as the interests of the law adjusted the value of the target. Customs border enforcement measures of intellectual property shows that the involvement of public power in the management of intellectual property rights is not the public right to private ownership. But based on the characteristics of intellectual property rights, through the adjustment of public law and the administration of the administrative organ, the protection of intellectual property is made more effective, presenting the tendency of public law of private law.