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为了解决工程实际中大尺寸结构物外形及屈曲等静、动态过程离面位移场的测量问题,本文提出了用曲面栅作参考栅进行影栅云纹实验的基本原理和分析方法,推导了解释曲栅云纹图的基本方程式,得到了在不同光场中定量计算离面位移的具体公式,并进行了相应的典型实验验证工作。本文另一重要部分是在我国首次将曲栅云纹法应用于飞机机身大型加肋柱壳的失稳试验中。制备了大尺寸曲面栅,解决了云纹绝对级数确定、栅衬壳折射效应修正及测点座标确定等重大技术问题,保证试验获得圆满成功。
In order to solve the measurement problem of out-of-plane displacement field of large-size structures and buckling isostatic and dynamic processes in engineering practice, this paper presents the basic principles and analysis methods of using curved grid as a reference grid for grating moire experiment, and derives the explanation The basic formula of the moiré pattern is obtained, and the specific formulas for calculating the out-of-plane displacement in different light fields are obtained. The corresponding typical experimental verification is carried out. Another important part of this paper is that for the first time in China, the curvilinear moire method is applied to the instability test of the large ribbed shell of aircraft fuselage. A large-scale curved grid is prepared to solve the major technical problems such as determining the absolute order of the moiré, correcting the refracting effect of the grate shell and determining the coordinate of the measuring point, and the experiment is guaranteed to be completed successfully.