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本文从多角度、分层次探究爱玛悲剧结局的原因。客观原因中,这与19世纪法国外省风俗的社会环境密不可分,修道院的教育也让爱玛接受了消极浪漫主义。主观原因,出嫁包法利先生过着平淡无奇的婚姻生活,让爱玛无法忍受。爱玛委身于情人们,希望追求理想爱情、生活中的激情和肉体上的快感。同时,她也盲从商人勒乐的虚伪言辞,追求物质上的享受,并且靠签订期票来进行消费。最终,爱玛自身感情也发生了异化,她利用自己的情人们,来寻求平淡生活中的刺激感,寻求肉欲上的满足、生理上的快感和金钱。再从现代的视角看,爱玛身上还有女性意识觉醒的光辉。她敢于追求同气相求的婚姻生活和女性在经济上依附于男性的情况下的人格和情感的独立。
This article explores the causes of Emma’s tragic ending from different angles and levels. Objectively speaking, this is closely linked with the social environment of 19th-century French provincial customs. The convent education also made Emma acceptable to negative romanticism. Subjective reasons, married Mr. Bao Fali living a bland marriage life, so Emma can not stand. Emma committed themselves to lovers, hoping to pursue the ideal of love, passion and physical pleasure in life. At the same time, she also obeys the hypocrisy of the businessman Lele, pursues material enjoyment, and relies on signing promissory notes for consumption. Eventually, Emma’s alienation of her own feelings also took place. She used her lover’s to seek a sense of excitement in plain life and sought sensual satisfaction, physical pleasure and money. From a modern point of view, Emma also has the awakening of female consciousness. She is daring to pursue the same marital life and the independence of personality and emotions of women in the context of economic dependence on men.