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妊娠期糖尿病对孕母和子代都会产生不良影响,母亲远期发生代谢综合征的风险已被证实,而其后代易发生巨大儿、大于胎龄儿,增加儿童肥胖的发病风险,罹患代谢综合征的风险也增加,代谢异常出现代代相传。虽然儿童代谢综合征的发生机制目前仍存在争议,但妊娠期糖尿病母亲高胰岛素、高血糖环境导致代谢及免疫紊乱,胎儿在宫内不良环境下也发生异常代谢变化,增加成人期代谢综合征的风险已有足够的证据。降低妊娠期糖尿病的发生率,加强孕母的健康教育,调整其生活方式及关注儿童期健康管理,可以降低妊娠期糖尿病母亲子代的远期疾病负担,减少代谢综合征的传递。
Gestational diabetes mellitus will have adverse effects on pregnant and offspring, the risk of maternal metabolic syndrome in the long run has been confirmed, and its offspring prone to huge children, greater than gestational age children, increasing the risk of childhood obesity, suffering from metabolic syndrome The risk also increases, metabolic abnormalities appear from generation to generation. Although the pathogenesis of children with metabolic syndrome is still controversial, but high blood glucose and glucose in pregnant mothers with gestational diabetes lead to metabolic and immune disorders. Abnormal metabolic changes also occur in fetuses with unfavorable uterotrophic conditions and increase metabolic syndrome in adulthood There is enough evidence of risk. Reduce the incidence of gestational diabetes, strengthen the health education of pregnant women, adjust their lifestyle and focus on childhood health management, can reduce the burden of long-term disease in children with gestational diabetes mothers and reduce the transmission of metabolic syndrome.