商业秘密是民营企业的重要生产要素之一。财产性和保密性是其两大法律特性,创新性是财产性的必然意义。其保护方式分准物权和债权保护,后者更有利于权利人举证,尤其在采用竞业禁止协议的情形下。对权利的侵犯可能承担民事、行政和刑事责任,多样化的责任方式有助于个案的公平处理。我国相关立法比较凌乱,而地方立法可以发挥补充作用。 Trade secrets is one of the important production factors of private enterprises. Property and confidentiality are two major legal characteristics. Innovation is the necessary significance of property. The protection of the right to property and claims protection, the latter is more conducive to the rights of people to prove, especially in the case of non-competition agreement. Violations of rights may bear civil, administrative and criminal liability, and diversified forms of responsibility will help to deal with cases fairly. The relevant legislation in our country is relatively messy, while local legislation can play a complementary role.