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目的研究规范治疗及依从性对老年2型糖尿病足病防控的应用价值。方法 100例老年2型糖尿病非足病住院患者,采用分层比例法将患者分为实验组(能够严格遵守医嘱并规范防控措施,依从性较好者)和对照组(平常生活习惯随意性强,易健忘者),每组50例。两组患者均给予常规用药治疗,并嘱出院后用药规范;实验组患者此基础上给予定期糖尿病足病知识防控及常规护理干预方法培训。持续跟踪2年后,观察两组患者糖尿病足病发生率,比较两组患者出院前及出院干预1年后的自护能力、认知功能评分及血糖指标变化情况。结果出院干预1年后,实验组患者糖尿病足病发生率为0,低于对照组的8.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。出院前,两组患者自护能力比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预1年后,实验组患者自护能力优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预1年后,实验组认知功能评分高于对照组,空腹血糖(FPG)和糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c)水平低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论规范治疗及良好依从性对糖尿病足病的防控有积极意义,可提高老年患者自我防护能力,改善血糖控制水平,并减少糖尿病足病发生率。
Objective To study the value of standard treatment and adherence in prevention and control of foot type 2 diabetes mellitus in the elderly. Methods One hundred elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided into experimental group (strict compliance with medical prescriptions, standardized prevention and control measures, and good compliance) and control group (normal life style randomness Strong, easy to forget), each group of 50 cases. Two groups of patients were given conventional drug treatment, and excused the drug prescriptions after discharge; experimental group of patients on the basis of regular diabetic foot disease prevention and control knowledge and routine nursing intervention training methods. After 2 years of continuous follow-up, the incidence of diabetic foot disease was observed in both groups. The self-care ability, cognitive function score and the changes of blood glucose level were compared between the two groups before discharge and one year after discharge. Results One year after discharge, the incidence of diabetic foot disease in the experimental group was 0, which was lower than that in the control group (8.0%), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Before discharge, there was no significant difference in self-care ability between the two groups (P> 0.05). One year after intervention, the self-care ability of the experimental group was better than that of the control group (P <0.05). One year after intervention, the scores of cognitive function in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group. The levels of fasting blood glucose (FPG) and Hb A1c in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group (P <0.01). Conclusion Standardized treatment and good compliance have a positive effect on the prevention and treatment of diabetic foot disease, which can improve the self-protection ability of elderly patients, improve the level of blood sugar control and reduce the incidence of diabetic foot disease.