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目的 分析尿崩症的临床特点,探讨其诊治方法。方法 本文回顾了15 例尿崩症的诊治。结果15例尿崩症见于各种年龄,均表现为典型的多尿、烦渴、多饮,随机尿尿比重均小于1 005。中枢性尿崩症占大多数,使用尿比重结合血浆渗透压估测进行禁水加压素试验大多可作出定性诊断,不能耐受者抗利尿激素诊断性治疗也可作出诊断。中枢性尿崩症中肿瘤占30%,颅咽管瘤和生殖细胞瘤较常见。部分患者垂体功能异常。结论 尿比重结合血浆渗透压估测诊断尿崩症仍是可行的,应尽可能明确病因,治疗上应兼顾靶腺功能和病因。
Objective To analyze the clinical features of diabetes insipidus and discuss its diagnosis and treatment. Methods This review reviewed 15 cases of diabetes insipidus diagnosis and treatment. Results 15 cases of diabetes insipidus found in all ages, showed typical polyuria, polydipsia, polydipsia, random urine specific gravity were less than 1 005. Central diabetes insipidus accounted for the majority, the use of urine specific gravity combined with plasma osmolality in the determination of vasopressin test can make a qualitative diagnosis, can not tolerate the diagnosis of vasopressin can also make a diagnosis. Central diabetes insipidus tumors accounted for 30% of craniopharyngioma and germ cell tumors are more common. Some patients with pituitary dysfunction. Conclusion Urine specific gravity combined with plasma osmolality estimation is still feasible to diagnose diabetes insipidus. The etiology should be clarified as far as possible, and the target gland function and etiology should be considered in the treatment.