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目的:采用响应面法确定黑果枸杞色素提取的最佳工艺条件,为其开发利用提供技术参考。方法:以黑果枸杞药材为原料提取色素,在单因素实验的基础上,采用Box-Benhnken设计响应面法优化水浴恒温浸提法提取黑果枸杞色素的条件,研究4个自变量之间的影响。通过响应面分析建立黑果枸杞色素吸光度(A)对乙醇浓度(A_1)、浸提温度(B_1)、液料比(C_1)、浸提时间(D_1)的二次回归模型:A=0.72+9.083×10~3 A_1-5.250×10~3 B_1+6.667×10~3 C_1+1.000×10~3 D_1-7.000×10~3 A_1B_1-0.020 A_1 C_1-4.000×10~3 A_1D_1-9.250×10~3B_1C_1+6.000×10~3B_1D_1-0.015C_1D_1-0.014A_1~2-0.019B_1~2-0.010C_1~2-0.011D_1~2。结果:该模型拟合较好,其中乙醇浓度和液料比对黑果枸杞色素吸光度影响极显著(P<0.01),浸提温度影响显著(P<0.05)。乙醇浓度和液料比、液料比和浸提时间、浸提温度和液料比间的交互作用显著。其最佳提取工艺为乙醇浓度75%,水浴浸提温度46℃,液料比40:1,浸提时间3.3h。在此条件下,黑果枸杞色素吸光度值的预测值为0.727,验证实验测得黑果枸杞色素的吸光度值为0.729,预测值与实验值的相对误差为0.275%。结论:方程拟合良好,适于对黑果枸杞色素提取工艺进行回归分析和参数优化。
OBJECTIVE: To determine the optimum conditions for the extraction of pigment from Lycium barbarum L. by response surface methodology, and to provide a technical reference for its development and utilization. Methods: The pigment was extracted from the fruit of Lycium barbarum L. On the basis of the single factor experiment, the conditions of extracting Lycium barbarum pigment from the black fruit were optimized by Box-Benhnken design response surface methodology, and the relationship between the four independent variables influences. Response surface analysis was used to establish a regression model of the absorbance (A) of Lycium ruthenicum L. on the ethanol concentration (A 1), extraction temperature (B 1), liquid to liquid ratio (C 1) and extraction time (D 1) 9.083 × 10 -3 A_1-5.250 × 10 -3 B_1 + 6.667 × 10 -3 C_1 + 1.000 × 10 -3 D_1-7.000 × 10 -3 A_1B_1-0.020 A_1 C_1-4.000 × 10 -3 A_1D_1-9.250 × 10 ~ 3B_1C_1 + 6.000 × 10 ~ 3B_1D_1-0.015C_1D_1-0.014A_1 ~ 2-0.019B_1 ~ 2-0.010C_1 ~ 2-0.011D_1 ~ 2. Results: The model fitted well. The effects of ethanol concentration and liquid / solid ratio on the absorbance of Lycium ruthenicum pigment were significant (P <0.01), and the extraction temperature had a significant effect (P <0.05). Ethanol concentration and liquid to liquid ratio, liquid to liquid ratio and extraction time, extraction temperature and liquid to liquid ratio between the significant interaction. The best extraction process for the ethanol concentration of 75%, water bath extraction temperature of 46 ° C, liquid to liquid ratio of 40: 1, extraction time 3.3h. Under these conditions, the predicted value of Lycium chinense pigment absorbance was 0.727. The test results showed that the absorbance value of Lycium chinense pigment was 0.729, and the relative error between predicted value and experimental value was 0.275%. Conclusion: The equation fits well and is suitable for regression analysis and parameter optimization of Lycium barbarum pigment extraction process.