社区矫正源于英美法系国家的法院实践,特别是缓刑和假释制度创立及实施,直接促进了社区矫正理念的成熟和发展。抗日战争时期延安边区政府创制的“回村执行”制度,是中国社区矫正制度的萌芽;建国后相继建立的各类少年管教所、工读学校是我国社区矫正制度的雏形;以社区矫正为主要执行方式的管制、剥夺政治权利、缓刑、监外执行和假释等具有中国特色刑罚执行制度正逐步完善。 Community correction stems from the court practice in common law countries, especially the establishment and implementation of the probation and parole system, which directly promotes the maturity and development of the concept of community correction. During the War of Resistance Against Japan, the “Back to the Village Implementation” system created by the government of Yan’an Border Region was the seed of the community correction system in China. All kinds of juvenile correctional institutions and work-study schools successively established after the founding of the People’s Republic of China were the prototypes of the community correction system in our country. The system of execution of sentences with Chinese characteristics, such as control of the main modes of execution, deprivation of political rights, probation, extra-prison execution and parole, is gradually being perfected.