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目的了解2009年吉林地区玉米、稻谷粮食卫生安全状况,为粮食卫生安全管理以及预防因粮食污染引发人群疾病提供参考依据。方法按照吉林省《粮食质量调查工作方案》的要求,选择吉林市区及其周围5县(市)的45份稻谷和玉米样品进行重金属、农药残留和真菌毒素等卫生指标检测。结果 10份稻谷和7份玉米样品均检测出黄曲霉毒素B1;稻谷铅检出率100.00%,镉检出率97.37%,汞检出率68.42%,无机砷检出率为100.00%;玉米中检测脱氧雪镰刀菌烯醇均数为(38.286±16.782)μg/kg,检测赤霉烯酮均数为(1.100±0.100)μg/kg。结论稻谷和玉米检测的卫生指标均未超过我国《粮食卫生标准》和《食品中农药最大残留限量》的限量标准,但砷含量的最高值达到了国家标准上限。建议粮食、卫生和农业部门应联合加强对吉林地区粮食砷污染的监管,并对人群健康危害进行评价。
Objective To understand the status of maize and rice grain health and safety in Jilin in 2009 and provide reference for food hygiene and safety management and prevention of disease caused by food contamination. Methods According to the requirements of the “Work Plan on Food Quality Survey” in Jilin Province, 45 rice and maize samples from 5 counties (cities) in and around Jilin City were selected for the detection of heavy metals, pesticide residues and mycotoxins. Results Aflatoxin B1 was detected in 10 rice and 7 corn samples. The detection rate of rice lead was 100.00%, the detection rate of cadmium was 97.37%, the detection rate of mercury was 68.42%, the detection rate of inorganic arsenic was 100.00% The average number of deoxynivalenol (38.286 ± 16.782) μg / kg and the average number of detected zearalenone were (1.100 ± 0.100) μg / kg. Conclusion The health indicators of rice and maize tested did not exceed the “food hygiene standards” and “the maximum residue limits of pesticides in food” in China. However, the highest arsenic content reached the national upper limit. It is suggested that the food, sanitation and agriculture departments should jointly strengthen the supervision over the arsenic contamination of foodstuffs in Jilin area and evaluate the health risks of the population.