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综述了几种探究纤维增强复合材料各层面性能的表征方法,包括最具代表性的宏观及微观界面力学测试法、热分析法、显微镜法等,其中宏观力学测试法用于测试材料的基本属性,最为普遍也较为成熟;微观界面力学测试法用于测试材料中基体与纤维之间的黏结强度;热分析法用于研究复合材料基体的热物理和动力学特性;显微镜法则是运用高科技手段测试材料内部元素组成、结构及形态变化情况。最后对纤维增强复合材料性能表征方法的未来发展进行了简要展望。结果表明:显微镜法是成像最直观、测试速度最快的方法,近年来得到了飞速发展;除此之外,还有其他方法可从各角度对复合材料的性能进行研究。
Several methods for characterizing the performance of various layers of fiber-reinforced composites are reviewed, including the most representative macroscopic and microscopic interfacial mechanical testing methods, thermal analysis methods and microscopic methods. The macroscopic mechanical testing method is used to test the basic properties of materials , The most common and more mature; microscopic interface mechanical test method for testing the bond strength between the matrix and the fiber material; thermal analysis method for studying the thermal physics and dynamics of the composite matrix; microscopy is the use of high-tech means Test material internal element composition, structure and shape changes. Finally, the future development of the performance characterization method of fiber reinforced composites is briefly discussed. The results show that microscopy is the most intuitive and rapid method of imaging and has been rapidly developed in recent years. In addition, there are other ways to study the properties of composites from different angles.