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1950、1956年,中共中央和国务院(政务院)先后两次开展全国劳动模范表彰活动。探究新中国成立初期劳模辈出的社会环境,主要有三方面因素:一是国内外的紧迫形势激发了全国人民建设国家的热情;二是早日实现社会主义工业化逐渐成为全社会的共同目标;三是社会结构的重整唤起了人民群众的主人翁意识。作为一种社会动员和政治动员的有效手段,劳模表彰也在客观上强化了民众对国家的忠诚和对党的热爱。通过考察新中国成立初期的劳模表彰及其社会效应,不仅可以了解那一代人的时代风尚,更能看到国家和社会环境对民众的深层诉求。
In 1950 and 1956, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council (the State Council) conducted national model commendations twice in succession. There are mainly three factors to explore the social environment in which the labor-workers emerge in the early days of New China: First, the pressing situation at home and abroad has inspired the enthusiasm of the people throughout the country in building the nation; second, it has gradually become the common goal of the entire society that industrialization of socialism gradually becomes an issue; third, Structural restructuring has aroused the people’s sense of ownership. As an effective means of social mobilization and political mobilization, labor model recognition also objectively strengthens people’s loyalty to the country and their love for the party. By examining the recognition of the model workers and their social effects in the early days of the People’s Republic of China, we can not only understand the generation’s fashion, but also the deep aspirations of the state and the social environment to the public.