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论文主要从微观角度研究摩擦热产生的机理及摩擦热对摩擦性能的影响.依据固体物理学中原子热振动理论,以界面摩擦为研究对象,从分析界面原子的受迫振动出发,得出界面摩擦过程中原子的振动实际上是自激振动和受迫振动的叠加,界面原子在非平衡状态下的热振动将导致声子的激发和湮灭,进而导致摩擦热的产生,摩擦界面的温度升高.然后,从温度对界面原子能级分布和跃迁的影响角度探讨了热激发效应对界面摩擦的影响,分析得出如下结论:温度低时,界面原子处在激发态的概率随着温度的升高而增加,导致摩擦系数随温度增加而增加;温度在100 K附近界面原子处在激发态的概率出现峰值,导致摩擦系数出现峰值;当温度高于临界值后,摩擦系数随温度的升高反而会降低.最后将本文的理论分析的结果与他人的实验结果对比,显示两者的趋势一致,表明本文提出的理论和方法可行.
The thesis mainly studies the mechanism of frictional heat generation and the effect of frictional heat on the frictional performance from the microscopic point of view.According to the theory of atomic thermal vibration in solid state physics and the interface friction as the research object, The atom vibration in the process of friction is actually the superposition of self-excited vibration and forced vibration. The thermal vibration of the interface atoms in the non-equilibrium state will lead to the phonon excitation and annihilation, resulting in the generation of frictional heat. The temperature rise of the frictional interface Then, the influence of thermal excitation on the interface friction was discussed from the point of view of the effect of temperature on the distribution and transition of the atomic energy level at the interface. The conclusion was drawn as follows: At low temperature, the probability of interface atoms in the excited state increases with temperature And the friction coefficient increases with the increase of temperature. The probability of the atoms in the vicinity of 100 K is in the excited state, which leads to the peak of the friction coefficient. When the temperature is higher than the critical value, the friction coefficient increases with the increase of temperature But will be reduced.Finally, the theoretical analysis of this article and other people’s experimental results show that the trend of the two are consistent, indicating that the proposed Theory and method are feasible.