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细胞质在生物体中,不是一个完全独立存在的单位,而是和细胞核共同构成细胞整体。细胞质的活动包括有独立 DNA 系统的叶绿体、线粒体等,都受核基因的支配。由于核处于质包围之中,酶和蛋白质的合成在胞质内,因而核遗传信息的表达会受到细胞质的调控。核质关系具体表现在核决定质的性质和自主性,质影响核的功能及基因表达,核质之间相互作用、相互影响、彼此依赖。
Cytoplasm in the body, not a completely independent existence of the unit, but together with the nucleus constitute the whole cell. Cytoplasmic activities include the independent DNA system chloroplast, mitochondria, etc., are subject to nuclear genes. As the nuclei are surrounded by the masses, the synthesis of enzymes and proteins is in the cytoplasm, so the expression of nuclear genetic information is regulated by the cytoplasm. The relationship between nuclear and cytoplasm manifests itself in the nature and autonomy of the nuclear determinant, which affects the function and gene expression of the nucleus, the interaction between nuclear matter, and their mutual influence.