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分析了热液成矿作用的基本特点和研究现状,推导出热液成矿作用动力学体系的一般方程,并着重讨论了方程中表征热液与围岩之间化学反应的速率项,除目前一般采用动力学实验实测反应速率常数外,作者根据局域平衡原理,认为成矿作用可视为体系内各点随着温度和压力的变化不断重建平衡的过程,可用温度和压力变化时成矿反应的平衡常数的变化速率表征成矿反应的动力学行为。成矿化学反应的速率还可用主要成矿物质的溶解度的变化率来表征,本文详细推导了相应的成矿反应速率的表达式,它们与基本动力学方程一起构成完整的热液成矿作用动力学体系。
The basic characteristics and research status of hydrothermal mineralization are analyzed. The general equation of kinetic system for hydrothermal mineralization is deduced. The rate term of chemical reaction between hydrothermal fluid and surrounding rock is emphatically discussed. In general, kinetic experiments are used to measure the reaction rate constant. According to the principle of local equilibrium, the author thinks that the mineralization can be considered as the process of rebuilding and balancing all the points within the system as the temperature and pressure change. The rate of change of the equilibrium constant of the reaction characterizes the kinetic behavior of the mineralization reaction. The rate of metallogenic chemical reactions can also be characterized by the rate of change of the solubility of the major metallogenic materials. In this paper, the expressions of the corresponding metallogenic reaction rates are deduced in detail, which together with the basic dynamic equations form a complete hydrothermal mineralization motive force Learning system.