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奥伦堡州位于南乌拉尔山山麓。其南与哈萨克斯坦共和国相邻,西及西北部与萨马拉州相连,北部与鞑靼斯坦共和国接壤。鲜为人知的是,1954年9月14日,苏军曾在该州托茨基草原举行了一次代号为“雪花”的大规模实弹军事演习,并引爆了一颗原子弹。当时森林被烧为灰烬,村庄被夷为平地。核爆炸后,参加演习的部队冒着核辐射的危险向预定目标发起了冲锋,各类战机越过蘑菇云对地面目标实施了攻击。当天各军种投掷的弹药总量比苏军强攻柏林时还要多。多年来演习情况一直作为绝密情报被苏方严格保密,所有参加演习的人在演习前都曾亲笔签字,保证25年内不向外泄露这一高级国家军事机密。因此,后来患上各种辐射疾病的官兵甚至不能向主治医生讲述自己的辐射经历。截至目前,4．5万名参演官兵中有4．3万人已经先后离开人世。苏联解体后,一些机密档案开始解禁,一部分参演幸存者向《莫斯科共青团员报》透露了演习内幕。
Orenburg State is located in the foothills of the Southern Urals. Its south is adjacent to the Republic of Kazakhstan, connected to Samara in the west and north-west, and bordered by the Republic of Tatarstan in the north. Little-known, on September 14, 1954, the Soviet Army held a large-scale live-ammunition exercise entitled “Snowflake” in the Tocchi steppe and detonated an atomic bomb. At that time the forest was burned to ashes and the village was razed. After the nuclear explosion, the troops participating in the exercise risked nuclear radiation to launch an assault on a predetermined target. Various types of fighter planes crossed the mushroom cloud and attacked the target on the ground. The total amount of ammunition dropped by various services on that day was even more than that of the Soviet storm on Berlin. For many years the exercise situation has been strictly confidential as top secret information by the Soviet side. All those participating in the exercise have personally signed the exercise prior to the exercise, guaranteeing that this advanced state military secret will not be leaked out within 25 years. Therefore, officers and men later suffering from various radiation diseases can not even tell their attending physicians about their radiation experiences. Up to now, 43,000 of the 45,000 participating officers and soldiers have left the world one after another. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, some confidential files began to be lifted and some survivors disclosed the inside of the exercise to the Communist Youth League newspaper Moscow.