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瑞典皇家科学院决定,将2003年诺贝尔物理学奖分别授予美国科学家阿列克谢·阿布里科索夫(图1)、俄罗斯科学家维塔利·金茨堡(图2)和美国科学家安东尼·莱格特(图3),“以表彰他们在超导体和超流体理论上做出的开创性贡献”。超导性和超流动性是极端低温状态下产生的两种现象。超导材料可用于诸如医疗检查中的磁共振成像技术和物理学中的粒子加速器技术。有关超流体的知识能使我们更深入地洞察物质在温度最低和最有序状态下的
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences decided to award the 2003 Nobel Prize in physics to the American scientist Alexei Abrikosov (Figure 1), the Russian scientist Vitaly Gutzberg (Figure 2) and the American scientist Anthony. Leggett (Figure 3), “in recognition of their pioneering contribution to the theory of superconductors and superfluidics.” Superconductivity and superfluidity are two phenomena that occur at extremely low temperatures. Superconducting materials can be used in magnetic resonance imaging techniques such as medical examinations and particle accelerator techniques in physics. The knowledge of superfluidity allows us to gain deeper insight into the lowest temperature and most orderly state of matter.