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现行的全国通用高中化学课本中,在醛一节里写道:乙醛也能被另一种弱氧化剂,即新制的氢氧化铜所氧化。又写道:由于乙醛具有还原性,所以能把反应中生成的氢氧化铜还原成红色的氧化亚铜沉淀。这也是检验醛基的一种方法:究竟氢氧化铜能否氧化醛?新制的氢氧化铜的涵义又是什么?我们通过实验及根据有关资料进行理论分析,谈谈对此问题的一点看法。从标准电极电位分析:从标准电极电位值看,似乎氢氧化铜能氧化甲醛和乙醛。其实不然。因为氢氧化铜的标准电极电位值是〔OH~-〕为1 mol/L 时测定的。
In the current national high school chemistry textbook, in the aldehyde section, it is stated that acetaldehyde can also be oxidized by another weak oxidant, freshly made copper hydroxide. It is also written that since acetaldehyde is reducing, it can reduce the copper hydroxide produced in the reaction to a red cuprous oxide precipitate. This is also a way to test the aldehyde group: can the copper hydroxide oxidize the aldehyde? What is the meaning of the new copper hydroxide? We have conducted experiments and theoretical analysis based on relevant data to talk about a point of view on this issue. From the standard electrode potential analysis: From the standard electrode potential values, it appears that copper hydroxide can oxidize formaldehyde and acetaldehyde. actually not. The standard electrode potential of copper hydroxide was measured at [OH~-] 1 mol/L.