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Abstract:Study and research in language,society and cultural difference field is very interesting and meaningful.Knowing the diversity of different culture we could get to know people from different cultural background easier and better and we could contribute a better understanding and relationship between each other.Educators could make the process of teaching and facilitating much more efficient when the target learners are coming from different cultural or language background.
Key words:English,education,cultural diversity,globalization,bilingual
Introduction:
Some common educational and multi-cultural phenomenon of higher education in Asian countries will be introduced firstly and then a conclusion which contains perspective thinking of these issues and the connection between education,multi-culture and bilingual or trilingual will be discussed.The issue has become quite common in education field of Asian countries during recent years especially accompanying with the development of the economic globalization.As the world economy grows gradually,almost all areas of the society have been under a pressure of getting into international and integration.A huge amount of people who have their own majors plus with speaking a global language are becoming extremely popular in international companies,foreign affair offices,import and export trading companies and all other places which communicators between different languages are needed.Therefore,educational revolution and improvement has been developed by government and educators together to meet the needs of economic globalization.In such situation English has become a so-called global language following the rational line of globalization.Various issues related to English language and education has become hot topics in both language and education fields.
Globalization
English is now the global language of the world.No matter what kind of English is,British English,American English,Singapore English or even African English,the fact is that people all over the world are speaking English or they are learning to use the language.Otherwise,they would be left far away from where the modern society is.In China,thousands of English training schools have spread out like bamboo shoots after spring rain.Then why language learning has become so important,popular and so essential? According to Stromquist and Monkman,globalization is a phenomenon that contains multiple and drastic movement in all fields of society,especially economics and culture.Globalization can be recognized with three aspects,economic,political and cultural.In spite of the ability to maintain further impact to the entire world in one way or in other ways,globalization could also make power in influencing smaller elements of the world,such as labor force market,technologies,communication,terms of culture and political co-operation.Cultural and economic impact by globalization is the reason why language,a small element of culture,can be listed as an issue onto table.
The impact of globalization in China
During the last twenty years and under the reforming and opening-up policy of Chinese government,the whole nation and every field of the society has experienced a long term of national reforming and revolution.According to general secretary of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party Jiang Zemin ,China has already built socialism with Chinese characteristics through reform and the opening to the outside world and the nation begins a new revolution aiming to change the economic structure and to build new style of social life.As the opening enlarged,communications with foreign countries,organizations and various kinds of groups have increased.As a matter of fact,people with ability of transferring information between two culture backgrounds are greatly needed and become really popular in such foreign communication.Then reforms have been taken place in education system in China.A newspaper article shows that during late 1970s and early 1980s in China Philosophy is the most popular major in universities and new majors related to trading,economics,banking and finance etc.have become extremely popular since the development of the Reforming and Opening Policies.Therefore,education and training system must be put onto a place of service and supplement for economic developing.
The impact of globalization in education field
The same situation occurs in other Asian countries,too.Take Japan as an example,according to Wei and Li,rate of entering higher education has increased greatly since 1980s during which Japanese economy has rapid development.Education again was pushed onto a position of serving the economic development.Policies of Japanese higher education have changes every recent decade.In 1970s,government and education ministry have constituted direction of the future 10 year’s developing.They were aiming to increase extent of enrollment highly.During the next 10 years,people have realized that the high lighting of entrance rate was not scientific and reasonable and quality of education should be emphasized instead of quantity.Therefore,Japanese higher education has faced another reform of raising the quality of education through international communication and co-operation in 1980s with huge economic funds.In 1990s,both quality and quantity have been developed into a relatively high level so that Japanese educators started new reforms of education.They have proposed to increase the freedom of undergraduate and postgraduate education which means colleges and universities have full rights to compile teaching materials and to organize teaching plans,further more,more and more interchanges of students can be made true through the shared credit system.
It is not difficult to see that economy and education has close relationship and they influence each other in terms of many small aspects.In China and most other Asian countries,English education is often seen as a disputed issue.For most of these countries is taking English as foreign language not first language or second language.But some countries such as Singapore and India and some area like Hong Kong are special for they take English as their official language plus with their mother language.In this case English education is different in these countries and area from in others.Considering the spread usage in these countries,much more practicing opportunities are offered and they are just in such language circumstance which encourages whole nation of speaking the foreign language.
English becomes a fashion cultural icon in non-English speaking countries
While in Japan,South Korea,China and some south East Asian countries just like Thailand and Cambodia,etc.English is a foreign language to them and as for the urgent need of globalization especially for the need of economic integration they have gain ground English.No matter what methods they use,various English speaking or writing competitions,entrance exams,TV programs and so on,the aim of making English popular would not be fluctuate.Take China for example,English education has been a mainstream of foreign language introduction since 1990s and before this period Russian and Japanese were the main foreign teaching and learning target languages.We could see the economic impact on language education more or less from this fact.From 1992 China has entered a high speedy developing period of economy and so that education has to be designed according to the economic needs.At that time,the USA has been playing a main role on the world economic and political stage and its culture has greatly impacted culture of other nations.KFC,Mc Donald’s’,Bill Clinton,Hollywood,New York fashion show,Nike,NBA,Rock & Blues,Michael Jackson and Madonna and many other nouns like these have crashed into Chinese people’s eyes as well as other nations through out the world.Culture invasion was just superficies of economic pervasion but it can be taken as a good example of economic impact.
American culture has become popular and has been well accepted by China the ancient country almost in every field of social life:Movies,foods,fashion,music,pop stars and clothing and of course language.Then English has become more and more important in language teaching and learning.People especially youth and those who indeed have to learn English for working or other essential reasons are getting start to join in the battle of this language learning.
People can be an idle if he can speak good English
One people called Li Yang has promoted his way of learning English successfully for several years in China and finally he has become very well known for his three-most method of learning English.The first most is the most quickly,the second is the most loudly and the third is the most fluently.Further more,he suggests that people should be braver to speak out and not be afraid of losing face otherwise they would never learn a foreign language well.His method of learning made him well-known by a huge amount of English learners.He has always been invited to English learning and teaching conferences and TV shows and in 2002 Japan and South Korea World Cup Li Yang has been retained as English Learning Ambassador in South Korea.His hard working was admitted not only by his country fellows but also by the fellow English learners of other non-English speaking countries.From these examples,we could see that Asian learners of English are learning the language with extremely high passion.
Conclusion
English education has become so important all around the world.The point is that globalization has huge impact on every aspect of social life through economy,politics and culture.I stressed on economic and cultural impact of world globalization and later focused on testing system of English education.At the end of the paper I have explored three personal opinions according to my own learning experience and previous knowledge and goes like suggestions for policy makers and educators.
The future of English education in China would still be bright because as the global and Chinese national economy develops the needs for bilingual speakers and users would be increased as well.Not only English,as the development of China’s reform and opening policy many other foreign languages such as Japanese,Russian,Korean,French,German and so on have also become more and more important.Testing system are still facing chances and challenges as a very important aspect in language education.No matter what kind of test it is,the general principle should be according to practical use of a language but not literature learning.
Key words:English,education,cultural diversity,globalization,bilingual
Introduction:
Some common educational and multi-cultural phenomenon of higher education in Asian countries will be introduced firstly and then a conclusion which contains perspective thinking of these issues and the connection between education,multi-culture and bilingual or trilingual will be discussed.The issue has become quite common in education field of Asian countries during recent years especially accompanying with the development of the economic globalization.As the world economy grows gradually,almost all areas of the society have been under a pressure of getting into international and integration.A huge amount of people who have their own majors plus with speaking a global language are becoming extremely popular in international companies,foreign affair offices,import and export trading companies and all other places which communicators between different languages are needed.Therefore,educational revolution and improvement has been developed by government and educators together to meet the needs of economic globalization.In such situation English has become a so-called global language following the rational line of globalization.Various issues related to English language and education has become hot topics in both language and education fields.
Globalization
English is now the global language of the world.No matter what kind of English is,British English,American English,Singapore English or even African English,the fact is that people all over the world are speaking English or they are learning to use the language.Otherwise,they would be left far away from where the modern society is.In China,thousands of English training schools have spread out like bamboo shoots after spring rain.Then why language learning has become so important,popular and so essential? According to Stromquist and Monkman,globalization is a phenomenon that contains multiple and drastic movement in all fields of society,especially economics and culture.Globalization can be recognized with three aspects,economic,political and cultural.In spite of the ability to maintain further impact to the entire world in one way or in other ways,globalization could also make power in influencing smaller elements of the world,such as labor force market,technologies,communication,terms of culture and political co-operation.Cultural and economic impact by globalization is the reason why language,a small element of culture,can be listed as an issue onto table.
The impact of globalization in China
During the last twenty years and under the reforming and opening-up policy of Chinese government,the whole nation and every field of the society has experienced a long term of national reforming and revolution.According to general secretary of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party Jiang Zemin ,China has already built socialism with Chinese characteristics through reform and the opening to the outside world and the nation begins a new revolution aiming to change the economic structure and to build new style of social life.As the opening enlarged,communications with foreign countries,organizations and various kinds of groups have increased.As a matter of fact,people with ability of transferring information between two culture backgrounds are greatly needed and become really popular in such foreign communication.Then reforms have been taken place in education system in China.A newspaper article shows that during late 1970s and early 1980s in China Philosophy is the most popular major in universities and new majors related to trading,economics,banking and finance etc.have become extremely popular since the development of the Reforming and Opening Policies.Therefore,education and training system must be put onto a place of service and supplement for economic developing.
The impact of globalization in education field
The same situation occurs in other Asian countries,too.Take Japan as an example,according to Wei and Li,rate of entering higher education has increased greatly since 1980s during which Japanese economy has rapid development.Education again was pushed onto a position of serving the economic development.Policies of Japanese higher education have changes every recent decade.In 1970s,government and education ministry have constituted direction of the future 10 year’s developing.They were aiming to increase extent of enrollment highly.During the next 10 years,people have realized that the high lighting of entrance rate was not scientific and reasonable and quality of education should be emphasized instead of quantity.Therefore,Japanese higher education has faced another reform of raising the quality of education through international communication and co-operation in 1980s with huge economic funds.In 1990s,both quality and quantity have been developed into a relatively high level so that Japanese educators started new reforms of education.They have proposed to increase the freedom of undergraduate and postgraduate education which means colleges and universities have full rights to compile teaching materials and to organize teaching plans,further more,more and more interchanges of students can be made true through the shared credit system.
It is not difficult to see that economy and education has close relationship and they influence each other in terms of many small aspects.In China and most other Asian countries,English education is often seen as a disputed issue.For most of these countries is taking English as foreign language not first language or second language.But some countries such as Singapore and India and some area like Hong Kong are special for they take English as their official language plus with their mother language.In this case English education is different in these countries and area from in others.Considering the spread usage in these countries,much more practicing opportunities are offered and they are just in such language circumstance which encourages whole nation of speaking the foreign language.
English becomes a fashion cultural icon in non-English speaking countries
While in Japan,South Korea,China and some south East Asian countries just like Thailand and Cambodia,etc.English is a foreign language to them and as for the urgent need of globalization especially for the need of economic integration they have gain ground English.No matter what methods they use,various English speaking or writing competitions,entrance exams,TV programs and so on,the aim of making English popular would not be fluctuate.Take China for example,English education has been a mainstream of foreign language introduction since 1990s and before this period Russian and Japanese were the main foreign teaching and learning target languages.We could see the economic impact on language education more or less from this fact.From 1992 China has entered a high speedy developing period of economy and so that education has to be designed according to the economic needs.At that time,the USA has been playing a main role on the world economic and political stage and its culture has greatly impacted culture of other nations.KFC,Mc Donald’s’,Bill Clinton,Hollywood,New York fashion show,Nike,NBA,Rock & Blues,Michael Jackson and Madonna and many other nouns like these have crashed into Chinese people’s eyes as well as other nations through out the world.Culture invasion was just superficies of economic pervasion but it can be taken as a good example of economic impact.
American culture has become popular and has been well accepted by China the ancient country almost in every field of social life:Movies,foods,fashion,music,pop stars and clothing and of course language.Then English has become more and more important in language teaching and learning.People especially youth and those who indeed have to learn English for working or other essential reasons are getting start to join in the battle of this language learning.
People can be an idle if he can speak good English
One people called Li Yang has promoted his way of learning English successfully for several years in China and finally he has become very well known for his three-most method of learning English.The first most is the most quickly,the second is the most loudly and the third is the most fluently.Further more,he suggests that people should be braver to speak out and not be afraid of losing face otherwise they would never learn a foreign language well.His method of learning made him well-known by a huge amount of English learners.He has always been invited to English learning and teaching conferences and TV shows and in 2002 Japan and South Korea World Cup Li Yang has been retained as English Learning Ambassador in South Korea.His hard working was admitted not only by his country fellows but also by the fellow English learners of other non-English speaking countries.From these examples,we could see that Asian learners of English are learning the language with extremely high passion.
Conclusion
English education has become so important all around the world.The point is that globalization has huge impact on every aspect of social life through economy,politics and culture.I stressed on economic and cultural impact of world globalization and later focused on testing system of English education.At the end of the paper I have explored three personal opinions according to my own learning experience and previous knowledge and goes like suggestions for policy makers and educators.
The future of English education in China would still be bright because as the global and Chinese national economy develops the needs for bilingual speakers and users would be increased as well.Not only English,as the development of China’s reform and opening policy many other foreign languages such as Japanese,Russian,Korean,French,German and so on have also become more and more important.Testing system are still facing chances and challenges as a very important aspect in language education.No matter what kind of test it is,the general principle should be according to practical use of a language but not literature learning.