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水库分期汛限水位利用洪水的季节性规律,可在不降低水库防洪标准的前提下,显著提高水库兴利效益.论述了优化设计分期汛限水位的必要性、基于模拟调度优化设计分期汛限水位的可行性.以防洪、发电、航运等多目标来评价分期汛限水位方案,以不降低水库防洪能力为约束条件,建立了优化设计模型.对简单遗传算法进行了多目标评价、引入共享函数、线性变换适应度函数、优解保持策略、重新洗牌等改进,建立了一种改进的多目标遗传算法,用以优化设计分期汛限水位方案.以三峡水库为研究背景,采用混合编码方法描述分期汛限水位方案,利用1882~2003年宜昌站汛期的实测日流量资料进行模拟优化,得出了较优的分期汛限水位方案.计算结果表明,分期汛限水位优化设计能权衡防洪与兴利之间的关系,在满足防洪要求的前提下,显著提高水库兴利效益.
The seasonal regularity of using the flood season water level in reservoirs can significantly improve the benefit of reservoirs without reducing the reservoir flood control standard.The paper discusses the necessity of optimizing the flood control water level by stages and expounds the flood control schedule Feasibility of water level.Using multiple targets such as flood control, power generation and shipping to evaluate the scheme of staged flood limited water level, an optimization design model was established without reducing flood control capacity of reservoirs.Multi-objective evaluation of simple genetic algorithm was introduced and shared Function, linear transformation fitness function, optimal solution retention strategy, re-shuffle, and so on, an improved multi-objective genetic algorithm is proposed to optimize the design of flood control water level scheme by stages.In the context of the Three Gorges Reservoir, Methods The scheme of staging flood limited water level was described and the daily measured data of flood season in Yichang Station from 1882 to 2003 were simulated and optimized to get a better plan of staged flood limited water level.The calculation results show that the optimal design of staged flood limited water level can weigh flood control With the relationship between Xingli, under the premise of meeting flood control requirements, significantly increase the benefits of reservoirs.