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典型的皮肤光学试验仪器是由大功率光源、改变光谱特性的单色器或滤光器、透镜、照射区域限制器等部件组成的。使用这类仪器时,为保持其正常工作需进行调整,并需防止照射时患者的即使是微小的移动,因而要求很细心和相当高的技巧。本文作者采用一种光导纤维(FOLG)装置,使上述光试验大为简化。光导纤维的一端直接与光源接合,另一端直接与皮肤接触或经过一个隔离器(装有滤光器)与皮肤接触。在进行精确的照射测量时,可利用二分叉的光导纤维。它具有三个端点,其一为输入端,二个输出端之一用来照射患者,另一输出端与光度计相连。光源输出强度改变,或光导传输特性改变(因纤维损坏或过度挠曲而引起)而引起的到达皮肤光强的任何改变,都由光度计加以记录和监视。光导纤维的选择取决于试验所需的光谱区域。
A typical skin optical test instrument is composed of a high-power light source, a monochromator or optical filter that changes the spectral characteristics, a lens, an irradiation area limiter, and the like. When using this type of instrument, adjustments are required to keep it working properly and to prevent even minute movements of the patient at the time of irradiation, requiring very careful and reasonably high skills. The author of this article uses an optical fiber (FOLG) device, which greatly simplifies the light test. One end of the optical fiber is directly bonded to the light source and the other end is in direct contact with the skin or through an isolator (fitted with a filter) in contact with the skin. Bifurcated optical fibers can be used when performing accurate illumination measurements. It has three endpoints, one for the input, one for the two outputs for illuminating the patient and the other for the photometer. Any change in the intensity of the light output, or the change in light transmission characteristics (caused by fiber damage or excessive deflection) to the skin’s light intensity is recorded and monitored by the photometer. The choice of optical fiber depends on the spectral area required for the test.