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目的在发生突发化学事故时,进行快速、准确、简便、实用的危害评估,并提供应急救援技术援助,指导相关部门进行化学救援工作。方法通过对广东省珠海市危险化学源资料收集与分析,确定毒物种类,选定不同毒物的数学扩散模型,建立一个开放的计算机评估平台。结果该系统结构包括事故设定、危害评估、救援方案、医学应急、档案管理等功能模块,并包括建立化学品毒性数据库,便于对化学事故危害评估并提供应急救援措施。结论该系统的研制具有较好的科学性、先进性和可行性,可以对广东发生的突发化学中毒事故进行定量危害评估,提出相应的医学应急救援预案、毒物应急救援方法措施,为政府部门对突发公共卫生事故现场应急救援的决策提供科学数据。
Objective To conduct rapid, accurate, simple and practical hazard assessment in the event of a chemical accident, and provide technical assistance for emergency rescue, and guide relevant departments to carry out chemical rescue work. Methods Data collected from hazardous chemical sources in Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province were used to determine the types of poisons, and mathematical diffusion models for different toxicants were selected to establish an open computer evaluation platform. Results The system structure includes functional modules such as accident setting, hazard assessment, rescue programs, medical emergency, and file management. It also includes the establishment of a chemical toxicity database to facilitate assessment of chemical accident hazards and provide emergency rescue measures. Conclusion The development of the system is scientific, advanced, and feasible. It can perform quantitative hazard assessment on sudden chemical poisoning accidents in Guangdong, and proposes corresponding medical emergency rescue plans and measures for emergency rescue of toxicants for government departments. Provide scientific data for decision-making on the emergency response to emergency public health accidents.