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目的了解云南省玉溪市农村地区手足口病流行的相关影响因素,为有效控制手足口病在农村地区的暴发和流行提供依据。方法研究采用1∶1病例对照研究方法,选取疫情报告系统中2014年5月1日至12月31日期间云南省玉溪市人民医院临床或实验室诊断为手足口病的全部乡镇患儿进行编号,采用系统抽样的方法确定了其中来自农村地区的205例病例,按照1∶1配对原则确定205例未患手足口的儿童为对照,采用问卷调查的方法收集资料。用Epi Data 3.0建立数据库,SPSS 17.0统计软件对数据进行单因素、多因素条件Logistic回归分析。结果 Logistic多因素回归分析显示,在控制了各变量间的混杂作用影响后,儿童与手足口病患儿有接触史是流行的危险因素(OR=6.622),而儿童饭前洗手和接受母乳喂养为保护因素(OR分别为0.485、0.396)。结论相比城镇地区,农村地区儿童的手足口病防治应该得到更多关注,培养成良好的卫生习惯、提倡母乳喂养及避免让儿童接触手足口病患者是控制农村手足口病的关键。
Objective To understand the related influencing factors of HFMD in rural areas of Yuxi City, Yunnan Province, and to provide basis for effectively controlling outbreak and epidemic of HFMD in rural areas. Methods: A 1: 1 case-control study was conducted to select all the township children who were diagnosed as hand-foot-mouth disease in clinical or laboratory of Yuxi People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province from May 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014 in the epidemic reporting system , 205 samples from rural areas were determined by systematic sampling method. According to the 1: 1 matching principle, 205 children without hand-foot-mouth were selected as control. Data were collected by questionnaire. Using Epi Data 3.0 to establish a database, SPSS 17.0 statistical software for single-factor, multi-factor conditional Logistic regression analysis. Results Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that contact history of children with hand-foot-mouth disease was a prevalent risk factor (OR = 6.622) after controlling for the influence of confounding among variables. Washing children before meals and receiving breastfeeding For the protection of factors (OR, respectively, 0.485,0.396). Conclusion Compared with urban areas, children with HFMD in rural areas should receive more attention. The key to controlling hand-foot-mouth disease in rural areas is to cultivate good hygiene practices, promote breastfeeding and avoid exposing children to hand-foot-mouth disease.