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本研究采用交叉聚合设计,从词汇量角度考察了两岁左右汉语婴儿是否存在“名词优势”现象。在前测中,110名18、24和30个月龄的儿童接受了PCDI量表和父母问卷调查;6个月后,18个月和24个月组接受了PCDI量表的再测。本研究将“名词优势效应”定义为“(名词得分-动词得分)/词汇总分”(以k值表示),将名词得分大于动词得分者定义为“名词优势者”。结果发现:(1)从各年龄组均值来看,18个月组名词优势效应较小(k=.07),24及30个月组名词优势效应显著增大(k=.11~.19)。(2)从个体水平来看,18个月组名词优势者和动词优势者约各占50%(p>.05),而24、30个月组中81~100%的儿童都是名词优势者。该结果提示,以往不同研究之间的分歧可能是由于名词优势是随年龄而动态变化的。
In this study, cross-integration design was used to examine whether there is a “noun superiority” phenomenon in Chinese babies about two years old from the perspective of vocabulary. In the pretest, 110 children 18, 24, and 30 months of age were enrolled in a PCDI scale and a parental questionnaire; six months later, the 18-month and 24-month groups were retested with the PCDI scale. In this study, “(noun score - verb score) / total score ” (expressed in k) is defined as “noun superiority effect ”, “noun superiority ” is defined as the noun score greater than the verb score, . The results showed that: (1) From the mean of each age group, the predominance effect of nouns in 18-month group was smaller (k = .07), and the predominance effect of nouns in 24 and 30 months groups was significantly increased (k = .11 ~ .19 ). (2) At the individual level, each of the predominant nouns and the predominant verbs in the 18-month groups accounted for approximately 50% (p> .05), while 81-100% of children in the 24 and 30-month groups were nominals By. The results suggest that the differences between different studies in the past may be due to the fact that noun superiority changes dynamically with age.