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就普通城市居民居住的组织形式而言,中国古代城市居住的形态发展史整体上可以分为前后两大阶段:前一阶段从先秦到唐代,属于相对封闭的“里坊制”时期,后一阶段从北宋到明清,属于相对开放的“厢坊制”时期。前阶段继承了前期封建社会分阶级、按职业组织聚居的传统体制;而后阶段则日渐松弛,一坊之内,亦可官民僧俗杂处。
In terms of the organizational form inhabited by ordinary urban residents, the history of the development of living in the ancient Chinese cities can be divided into two stages as a whole: from the pre-Qin period to the Tang Dynasty in the previous stage, which belonged to a relatively closed period of “Li-Fang system” The latter stage from the Northern Song Dynasty to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, belong to a relatively open “Xiang Fang system ” period. The former stage inherited the traditional system of pre-feudal society classified by occupation and concentrated by professional organizations, while the later period was gradually slackened.