一、引言文学源于现实,又反映现实,是整个社会文化与价值取向的缩影。战争是现实的组成部分,因而必然会对文学产生深刻的影响。纵观美国文学的发展历程,不难看出每一个重大的历史事件都在文学领域中有所体现,第二次世界大战更是如此。二战不仅改变了他们的生活方式,更颠覆了他们的思想观念,冲击了传统的道德准则,使悲观厌世的情绪弥漫于整个美国社会,精神崩 I. Introduction Literature originates from reality and reflects reality. It is a microcosm of the entire social culture and value orientation. The war is an integral part of reality and therefore has a profound impact on literature. Looking at the history of the development of American literature, it is not hard to see that every major historical event has been reflected in the field of literature, especially in the Second World War. World War II not only changed their way of life, but also subverted their ideas and concepts, shocked the traditional moral code, pervading the mood of pessimism in the entire American society,