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目的:了解江苏盐城地区留守儿童的抑郁状况及相关的影响因素。方法:采用自制的一般资料问卷及儿童抑郁问卷(Children’s Depression Inventory,CDI)对盐城地区3所农村中心小学356名留守儿童进行调查。结果:留守儿童的抑郁检出率为25.6%。Logistic回归分析显示,与父母交流频率为每半年(P<0.001,OR=7.321,95%CI=2.876~15.128)、双亲缺失型留守儿童(P=0.021,OR=2.134,95%CI=1.654~6.980)、交流中谈论日常琐事(P=0.006,OR=4.321,95%CI=1.908~9.978)、家庭年收入为0~2000元(P=0.012,OR=3.223,95%CI=2.011~8.830)、5~6年级(P=0.003,OR=8.342,95%CI=2.113~19.232)、11~13岁(P=0.015,OR=5.299,95%CI=1.809~15.098)为留守儿童抑郁发生的危险因子,而交流内容为自我感受(P=0.001,OR=0.342,95%CI=0.190~0.799)、1~2年级(P<0.001,OR=0.543,95%CI=0.221~0.879)、7~8岁(P<0.001,OR=0.655,95%CI=0.207~0.911)为留守儿童抑郁的抗性因素。结论:盐城地区留守儿童的抑郁发生率较高,危险因素和抗性因素应当给予关注。
Objective: To understand the depression status of left behind children in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province and related factors. Methods: A total of 356 left-behind children in three rural primary schools in Yancheng were investigated using a self-made general information questionnaire and Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI). Results: The detection rate of left-behind children’s depression was 25.6%. Logistic regression analysis showed that the frequency of communication with parents was six months (P <0.001, OR = 7.321, 95% CI = 2.876 ~ 15.128) (P = 0.006, OR = 4.321, 95% CI = 1.908-9.978). The annual household income was 0-2000 yuan (P = 0.012, OR = 3.223, 95% CI = 2.011-8.830) ), Grades 5-6 (OR = 8.342, 95% CI = 2.113-19.232, P = 0.003, OR = 5.299, 95% CI = 1.809-15.098) (P = 0.001, OR = 0.342, 95% CI = 0.190-0.799), grade 1 ~ 2 (P <0.001, OR = 0.543, 95% CI = 0.221-0.879) Children aged 7-8 years (P <0.001, OR = 0.655, 95% CI = 0.207-0.911) were resistant to depression in left-behind children. Conclusion: The incidence of depression in left behind children in Yancheng area is high, and the risk factors and resistance factors should pay attention.