中国东北辽宁省的营口经济技术开发区正在努力建成一个拥有良好生态环境的现代化工业园区。
　　坐落在渤海之滨的营口市1992年10月由国务院批准设立了国家级经济技术开发区。当时的规划面积为183平方公里，行政区面积65平方公里，现有人口15万人。目前，开发区已经建成了24平方公里的工贸商住区，区内的主干道路和配套设施已经形成规模。截止2001年10月末，开发区累计完成固定资产投资135亿元，其中城市基础设施28亿元，城市功能日臻完善。与港口相配套的海关、出入境检验检疫部门和外轮代理、理货、供应等服务机构一应俱全，并拥有完备的金融、保险、邮政、通信等服务设施。
　　开发区已与24个国家和地区进行了合资合作，共引进外资项目468个，正式生产运营项目81个，实际利用外资3.1亿美元，初步形成了以工业为主、外资为主、出口创汇为主的外向型经济格局。
　　“招商引资是开发区各项工作的重中之重，项目是开发区事业兴衰的生命线，”营口市市长、开发区管委会主任张洪武说。在“十·五”（2001-2005）期间，开发区将坚持以项目为中心，发挥本地独有的港口、交通、电力、资源、旅游优势，以绿色工业园、港口贸易加工区、海滨旅游区三大品牌，面向国内外招商。


　　以绿色环保为主题的现代化生态工业园占地总面积1.89平方公里，参照国际现代化工业园的标准进行规划，力求成为功能齐备的现代化花园式工业园区。在港口附近将建设港前仓储贸易园，搞活物流。“我们已一次性出让46。45万平方米的国有土地使用权，用于仓储、贸易、物流项目建设，”张洪武说。在临港区域还将建设以化工、冶炼为主的工业区，重点安排石油、化工、水泥、机械和冶炼等项目。
　　开发区还将建设高标准的旅游观光带，开发25公里长海岸线。规划建设亚洲沙滩排球训练基地和海水游泳馆；建设红海河和望海龟石滩旅游区，以南北两区连接整个海滨旅游观光带。同时，设计精品旅游线路，开展特色旅游服务。
　　地处中国东北哈尔滨-大连经济发展轴上，拥有良好的投资环境和发展优势。营口鲅鱼圈港是东北第二大港，现有生产泊位28个，其中万吨级以上的泊位16个，有3个泊位可停靠5万吨级船舶。在集装箱、成品油、汽车滚装、粮食、煤炭等货种的运输都建有现代化专用码头。吞吐量在全国沿海港口排名第11位，非金属矿产品运量居全国各港之首。2000年，港口吞吐量达到2217万吨，集装箱运输达到15.7万标准箱。港口三期工程完成后，年吞吐能力可达4，000万吨，目前，营口已经与40多个国家和地区的140多个港口建立起运输业务联系，已成为中国东北及内蒙古东部地区参与国际经济合作最近便、最经济的出海口。
　　开发区的交通十分便利。东侧有哈大铁路、瑷珲大连公路、沈阳大连高速公路三支交通动脉并行纵贯南北，中部有疏港铁路（鲅鱼圈站）、疏港公路、入区公路横穿东西，南北距大连、沈阳机场各200公里，陆路连接东北三省以至欧亚大陆，陆、空交通十分便捷。


　　营口开发区具有显著的电力优势。建在区内的设计发电能力180万千瓦的华能营口电厂，一期工程2台30万千瓦机组已并网发电，二期工程规划2台60万千瓦机组。华能营口电厂可为开发区提供强大的动力供应和高质量的供电保障。
　　营口开发区还拥有矿产、粮食、水果、水产品等丰富的资源，劳动力资源充足，资源深加工潜力巨大。
　　“十·五”期间，营口开发区将遵循“特区式”开发区的发展方向，坚持以发展为主题，实施“以港兴区、项目牵动、科教强区、城市开发”四大战略，加快工业化、城市化、信息化进程，实现“五年再造一个开发区，经济总量和实际利用外资翻一番”的目标，把营口开发区建设成为高标准的国家级开发区，建设成为繁荣、富庶、文明、美丽的现代化港口旅游城市。
　　
　　Yingkou Development Zone- Pearl of Bohai Sea
　　
　　By Zhang Hongcheng,
　　Yingkou is a coastal city facing the Bohai Sea in northeast China. In 1992, with approval from the central government, the municipality established the state-level Yingkou Economic and Technological Development Zone (YETDZ) with a planned area of 183 square kilometers.
　　In the first-phase development of the zone, a 24 square kilometer area is earmarked for developing industries and commerce. In the area is also a residential district. Over the years, development of the area has been in full swing, with roads and other major infrastructure facilities completed.
　　By October of 2001, cumulative capital spending in the zone had reached 13.5 billion yuan ($1.59 billion), of which 2.8 billion yuan ($329 million) had been used for urban infrastructure facilities. With their completion, the zone has been able to perform a full range of functions. Functioning in the zone are now a customhouse, departments of quarantine and inspection on goods for entry and exit and agencies serving foreign ships. And the zone has well-developed financial, insurance, post and telecom services.
　　Attracting foreign investment has always been a priority for the zone‘s administrative committee. To date, the development zone has received investment from 24 countries and regions. And it plays host to 468 foreign-funded enterprises, of which 81 have gone into operation. The zone has actually used US$310 million in direct foreign investment so far.
　　During the 2001-2005 period, efforts are being made to develop three sub-zones in YETDZ. The first sub-zone, which covers 1.89 square kilometers, will be developed into a garden-like industrial park.
　　In the second sub-zone, emphasis is placed on developing logistics and processing industries. Already, the use right for a total of 464,500 square meters of land has been sold for the construction of warehousing, trade and logistics projects. Some chemical and metallurgical industries will also be developed in this sub-zone.
　　The third sub-zone, which focuses on developing tourism, will be built along a 25-kilometer coastline as a sight-seeing tourist belt. In the sub-zone, a beach volleyball training base and a sea-water swimming pool will be built. To be constructed at the same time will be two sightseeing areas, Honghaihe and Wanghaigui Beach, at each end of the sightseeing belt.
　　Located between Harbin and Dalian, major cities in northeast China, the Yingkou development zone has many advantages for economic development.
　　First, YETDZ is close to the Bayuquan port, the second largest in northeast China. The port has 16 berths which can accommodate ships of over 10,000 DWT, and three berths for ships of 50,000 DWT. In 2000, traffic of the port included 22.17 million tons of cargo and 157,000 standard containers. In cargo handling volume, Bayuquan ranked as the 11th biggest seaport in China. With the completion of its third-phase construction, the port is expected to have an annual cargo handling capacity of 40 million tons. The port at present has transport business ties with more than 140 ports in over 40 countries and regions in the world.
　　Second, YETDZ has easy access to transport facilities. It is 200 kilometers away from two international airports, one in Dalian in the south and the other in Shenyang in the north. It is linked to the Harbin-Dalian Railway and the Shenyang-Dalian Freeway, both transport arteries in northeast China.
　　Third, YETDZ has ample power supplies. A power plant with a designed generating capacity of 1.8 million kw is located right in the zone and has been partially operational. In the first phase of the plant‘s development, two 300,000 kw generating sets have been completed and gone into operation. In the second phase, two 600,000 kw generating sets will be built.
　　Fourth, YETDZ has a heartland which is rich in mineral, grain, fruit and aquatic resources as well as in labor. The zone, therefore, has great potential to develop a processing industry.
　　Fifth, beautiful scenery constitutes yet another advantage of the development zone. Its long coastline, forests, springs and mountain resorts hold attraction to tourists.
　　A group of investigators from the UN Development Program have recently visited the Yingkou development zone. Its report submitted to the Chinese government says, "YETDZ is unrivaled for the time being by any economic development zone and special economic zone in China in terms of heartland industrial foundation, natural resources, technology, talent, geographical location and port conditions."