人类对语言的研究由来已久，但直到１９世纪初，历史比较语言学的出现才使语言的研究逐渐摆脱了作为哲学、文学、历史学等学科的附庸的地位。然而，由于１９世纪历史比较语言学受达尔文进化论思想的影响，关心的只是语言的历史演变规律，孤立地分析和构拟个别成分的语音形式、 Human beings have been studying language for a long time, but it was not until the early 19th century that the emergence of historical comparative linguistics gradually led the study of language out of the position of a vassal of philosophy, literature and history. However, since the comparative linguistics of the 19th century was influenced by the thought of Darwin’s theory of evolution, his concern was only the law of the historical evolution of language, the phonetic form of analyzing and formulating individual components in isolation,