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【考题呈现】
1. (2011年安徽卷) Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek _______ food safety problems.
A.in
B.to
C.on
D.after
2. (2011年北京卷)With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken _______ color.
A.by
B.for
C.with
D.in
3. (2011年福建卷) _______ good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.
A.Far from
B.Apart from
C.instead of
D.Regardless of
4. (2011年江苏卷)We’d better discuss everything _______ before we work out the plan.
A.in detail
B.in general
C.on purpose
D.on time
5. (2011年江西卷) She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _______ had taken more than there years.
A.for which
B.with which
C.of which
D.to which
6. （2011年全国Ⅰ卷）I can _______ the house being untidy，but I hate it if it’s not clean.
A.come up with
B.put up with
C.turn to
D.stick to
7. （2011年山东卷）I’m sorry I didn’t phone you, but I’ve been very busy _______ the past couple of weeks.
A.beyond
B.with
C.among
D.over
8. （2011年四川卷）Nick, it’s good for you to read some books _______ China before you start your trip there.
A.in
B.for
C.of
D.on
9. （2011年浙江卷）I always wanted to do the job which I’d been trained _______ .
A.on
B.for
C.by
D.of
10. (2011年重庆卷) Shirley, a real book lover, often brings home many books to read _______ the library.
A.in
B.for
C.by
D.from
【考题分析】
1. D。本题考查介词。此处构成短语seek after，意思是“寻求”。
2. D。本题考查介词。此处in color表示“用彩色，彩色的”。
3. B。本题考查短语介词。此处apart from的意思是“除了”。
4. A。本题考查介词短语。此处in detail的意思是“详细地”。
5. C。此处the construction of which是指“博物馆的建造”。
6. B。此处短语put up with的意思是“忍受”。
7. D。本题考查介词。Over表示“在……期间”。
8. D。本题考查介词。此处介词on的意思是“关于”。
9. B。此处介词for表示“目的”。
10. D。此处介词from表示“从……”。
【考点透析】
复习介词用法除要掌握一般常规用法外，还须注意一些特殊用法、固定搭配等。
(一) 介词的分类
1. 简单介词(如at， by， for， from， in， with， to， on)
2. 复合介词(如into， onto， within， outside)
3. 双重介词(如at about， from behind， from among， until after)
4. 短语介词(如in front of， in spite of， over等)；有的介词可兼作连词(如after， until等)
(二) 介词的作用
介词往往跟后面的宾语一起构成介词短语，在句中可充当以下成分：
1. 定语 如:The boys in blue school uniforms are the students of our school. 穿蓝色校服的男孩是我们学校的学生，
2. 状语 如:Can you write in English? (方式状语) 你能用英语写吗？
3. 表语 如: Japan is to the east of our country. 日本位于中国以东。
4. 宾语补足语 如:Make yourself at home. 别客气。
(三) 表示时间的介词
1. at
①表示时间的一点，时刻等；如：at sunrise， at daybreak， at dawn， at noon， at dusk， at midnight
②较短暂的一段时间，某个重大节日等。
如：at night， at midsummer， at Christmas， at New Year， at the Spring Festival
2. in
①用于某个较长时间(如年，月，星期，世纪，朝代，泛指的上午、下午、傍晚等)；
②在一段时间之后。如：Father will be back in a week. 父亲将在一星期后回来。
3. on
①具体的时日和一个特定的时间，如某日、某个星期几等；
如：We began to work on Friday. 我们星期五开始工作的。
②某个特定的早晨、下午或晚上；
如：on the eve of victory(胜利前夕)
③准时，按时。如：on time
4. by
①不迟于，在(某时)前；如：He must have finished it by now. 到现在他一定已经完成了。
②在……间，在……时候。如：We work by day and sleep by night. 我们白天工作晚上睡觉。
5. up to now＝until now，from morning till night，for the time being暂时
at times有时，day by day一天天地，in no time立刻
6. during是介词，不能引导从句。
(四) in，to和on表示方位
1. in表示“在……之内”。如：Fujian lies in the south of China. 福建位于中国的东南部。
2. to表示在某范围之外的地方。如：Fujian lies to the south of Zhejiang Province. 福建位于浙江东南。
3. on表示“毗邻”“接壤”。如：Monglia lies on the north of China. 蒙古位于中国北部。
注意一些表示地点场所介词短语的引伸、比喻含义:
in the mud在泥中，beyond hope绝望，in freezing在严寒天气中，in danger在危险中，in trouble在困境中，in public在公共场合中，under construction在建设中，on business出差，in the same boat处境一样，on sale在出售
(五) 表示方式、手段、工具等的介词(by，on，in，with)
1. by：The blind men thought they could learn what the elephant looked like by touching it.make a living by teaching/ by hand(手工地，靠手工地)，by letter，by post，by electricity，learn sth by heart，struck by the beauty(因美丽而着迷),He was paid by the hour/ the day/ month/…(他按时/日/月/……被付给工钱。)by plane/ train/ ship/ air/ water/ sea/…，by means of(用……手段，方式),by way of(经由，取道于……),learn English by/ over/ through/ on the radio
2. on：live on food，kneel on one’s knees，lie/ sleep on one’s back / side / face(仰/侧/俯卧睡)
3. in：in English，in ink，in silence，in one voice(异口同声地)，in a hurry(匆忙地)，in surprise(惊讶地)
4. with： write with a pen，work with one’s hands，smell with one’s nose，beat the horse with a whip(鞭子)
(六) 介词与某些词类的搭配
某些词类对介词有不同要求，即要求有固定的介词与其搭配，构成固定用法。
1. 名词与介词的固定搭配
①常与to连用的名词：key，answer，visit，apology，introduction
如:the key to the test，business visit to America，the introduction to the book
②常与in连用的名词：interest，satisfaction，expert 如:an expert in swimming
③常与on连用的名词：mercy，congratulation
如:have mercy on sb
④其它常用“名、介”搭配：prize for，respect for，victory over，struggle with
⑤注意：汉语中表达“……的”，在英语中要用多个介词，应区别不同含义。如:
a friend of mine 我的一个朋友(of 表示“属于”)
a ticket for tonight 一张今晚的票(for 表示“给……用”)
a story about Lei Feng 雷锋的故事(about表示“关于”)
a key to the door 这扇门的钥匙(to表示“对于”)
a lecture on American history 一场关于美国历史的演讲(on表示“论述”)
2. 形容词与介词的固定搭配
①常与at连用的形容词：afraid， angry， good， bad， clever， terrified， surprised
②常与of连用的形容词：afraid， sure， full， tired， fond， proud， worthy， certain
③常与with连用的形容词：angry， strict， careful， busy， popular
④常与in连用的形容词：weak， strict， rich， interested， successful
⑤常与to连用的形容词：next， good， polite， kind， cruel， rude， known， married， close， near， similar， due
⑥常与for连用的形容词：sorry， good， famous， fit， unfit， eager， anxious， hungry
⑦常与from连用的形容词：far， different， free， safe， absent， tired
⑧常与about连用的形容词：sorry， worried， anxious， careful， sure， certain
说明：使用时要注意一个形容词与不同介词搭配的不同含义。如：
He was angry at losing it. (表“生气”的原因)
Don’t be angry with him. (表“生气”的对象)
He is good at maths.(表“擅长于”)
He is good to me.(表“对某人友好”)
It is good for him.(表“对他有益”)
(七) 相近介词(短语)辨析
1. on“关于”，学术性强：a lecture on computer
about“关于”，知识性或随便谈论：a discussion
about the plan
2. go/come/walk/run后只能用into， put/sit down/throw/jump/fall后可用in/into
3. over 在……正上方
under 在……正下方
above 在……上面(不一定垂直上方)
below 在……下面
4. in an hour 一小时后，用于将来时
after an hour 一小时后，用于过去时
5. beside 在……旁边
besides 除……之外(还有)
6. a hole in the wall
a picture on the wall
7. a piece of news in the newspaper
the words in the envelop
8. the tallest boy of(in) the class/school/…
(像class这类群体单位名词前可用of或in)
the tallest(boy) of the ten boys
(像boys这类非群体名词前，只能用of)
9. with the help / the permission of…
在…… 帮助/允诺下
under the leadership / the care of…
在……领导/关心下
10. be familiar with sb/sth
熟悉某人/某物
be familiar to sb
……为某人所熟悉
11. be absent from meeting/class
开会/上课缺席
be sbsent in sp 不在某处
12. be strict with sb 对某人严格要求
be strict in sth 严格对待某事
13. Shanghai lies in the east of China.
上海位于中国的东部(在中国境内)。
Korea lies on the east of China.
朝鲜与中国的东部接壤。
Japan lies to the east of China.
日本位于中国的东部(不接壤)。
14. at least 至少
in the least 丝毫，一点
15. in the air 空中，在流传
on the air播出
16. shout to 呼喊，向……喊
shout at 对……吼，责骂
17. in the way 挡路，障碍，妨碍
in a way 在某点上，在某种程度上
by the way 顺便问一下
on one’s way(to) 在……路上
18. at the corner 在拐角处(外角)
in the corner 在拐角里，在角落里(内角)
19. on fire 着火，失火
on the fire 在火上
at the fire 在炉边
20. in the end＝at last＝finally
at the end of 在……结束时，在……末端
at the end最后
21. sometime 某时
some time 某段时间，某一时期
sometimes 有时
22. at a time＝each time 每次
at one time＝once 曾经
23. for a moment＝for a while/minute 一会儿
for the moment 暂时
in a moment 立刻
at the moment 当时
the moment/minute/second/instance…
＝as soon as 一……就
24. be tired of…讨厌……
be tired with…因……而疲倦
25. be popular with sb 受某人的欢迎
be popular for 因……而流行
26. be pleased with＋名词/what从句 对……满意
be pleased at＋抽象名词 听/看到……而高兴
27. be known to sb 为某人所知
be known as 作为……而出名，被叫作……
be known for 因……而出名
28. be busy with sth 忙于某事
be busy(in) doing sth 忙着做某事
●巩固练习
介词填空
在下列各句的空格处填入适当的介词。
1. Don’t expose the film _______ light.
2. There’s no profit _______ running a cinema in this city.
3.The chemicals in the smoke from factories or cars do great harm _______ animals and plants.
4. There is a great potential energy _______ the broad masses of people.
5. After class, we should take part _______ some social activities such as planting trees.
6. _______ a general rule, he goes out early every morning looking for work.
7. Before doing the experiments, we must keep what the teacher said _______ mind.
8. Go and sea what happened, Maybe they are in need _______ your help .
9. The were trapped _______ traffic this morning, so they were late.
10. China has long been a leader in the field of genetic research with the aim _______ improving agriculture.
11. His not coming added _______ our trouble in designing the structure.
12. _______ a student, you should learn to aid others with their difficulties.
13. The achievement of being chosen _______ the final gave Kira the confidence to go through with it.
14. This kind of game, popular _______ many young people, is played all over the country.
15. The geography teacher told us the earth moves _______ the sun.
16. I first met Lisa three years ago. She was working _______ the radio shop at that time.
17. He hated having to share the hotel bathroom a stranger.
18. His uncle is famous as an artist, especially in oil paintings.
19. Nowadays, more and more teenagers have an appetite _______ computer games.
20. Being short of money, I applied _______ a teaching post at the school.
（作者：崔恒标，盐城市第一中学）
参考答案：
1. to 2. in 3. to 4. among5. in 6. As 7. in 8. of 9. in 10. of 11. to 12. As 13. for14. with15. around16.at 17. with 18. in 19. for20.for
1. (2011年安徽卷) Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek _______ food safety problems.
A.in
B.to
C.on
D.after
2. (2011年北京卷)With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken _______ color.
A.by
B.for
C.with
D.in
3. (2011年福建卷) _______ good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.
A.Far from
B.Apart from
C.instead of
D.Regardless of
4. (2011年江苏卷)We’d better discuss everything _______ before we work out the plan.
A.in detail
B.in general
C.on purpose
D.on time
5. (2011年江西卷) She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _______ had taken more than there years.
A.for which
B.with which
C.of which
D.to which
6. （2011年全国Ⅰ卷）I can _______ the house being untidy，but I hate it if it’s not clean.
A.come up with
B.put up with
C.turn to
D.stick to
7. （2011年山东卷）I’m sorry I didn’t phone you, but I’ve been very busy _______ the past couple of weeks.
A.beyond
B.with
C.among
D.over
8. （2011年四川卷）Nick, it’s good for you to read some books _______ China before you start your trip there.
A.in
B.for
C.of
D.on
9. （2011年浙江卷）I always wanted to do the job which I’d been trained _______ .
A.on
B.for
C.by
D.of
10. (2011年重庆卷) Shirley, a real book lover, often brings home many books to read _______ the library.
A.in
B.for
C.by
D.from
【考题分析】
1. D。本题考查介词。此处构成短语seek after，意思是“寻求”。
2. D。本题考查介词。此处in color表示“用彩色，彩色的”。
3. B。本题考查短语介词。此处apart from的意思是“除了”。
4. A。本题考查介词短语。此处in detail的意思是“详细地”。
5. C。此处the construction of which是指“博物馆的建造”。
6. B。此处短语put up with的意思是“忍受”。
7. D。本题考查介词。Over表示“在……期间”。
8. D。本题考查介词。此处介词on的意思是“关于”。
9. B。此处介词for表示“目的”。
10. D。此处介词from表示“从……”。
【考点透析】
复习介词用法除要掌握一般常规用法外，还须注意一些特殊用法、固定搭配等。
(一) 介词的分类
1. 简单介词(如at， by， for， from， in， with， to， on)
2. 复合介词(如into， onto， within， outside)
3. 双重介词(如at about， from behind， from among， until after)
4. 短语介词(如in front of， in spite of， over等)；有的介词可兼作连词(如after， until等)
(二) 介词的作用
介词往往跟后面的宾语一起构成介词短语，在句中可充当以下成分：
1. 定语 如:The boys in blue school uniforms are the students of our school. 穿蓝色校服的男孩是我们学校的学生，
2. 状语 如:Can you write in English? (方式状语) 你能用英语写吗？
3. 表语 如: Japan is to the east of our country. 日本位于中国以东。
4. 宾语补足语 如:Make yourself at home. 别客气。
(三) 表示时间的介词
1. at
①表示时间的一点，时刻等；如：at sunrise， at daybreak， at dawn， at noon， at dusk， at midnight
②较短暂的一段时间，某个重大节日等。
如：at night， at midsummer， at Christmas， at New Year， at the Spring Festival
2. in
①用于某个较长时间(如年，月，星期，世纪，朝代，泛指的上午、下午、傍晚等)；
②在一段时间之后。如：Father will be back in a week. 父亲将在一星期后回来。
3. on
①具体的时日和一个特定的时间，如某日、某个星期几等；
如：We began to work on Friday. 我们星期五开始工作的。
②某个特定的早晨、下午或晚上；
如：on the eve of victory(胜利前夕)
③准时，按时。如：on time
4. by
①不迟于，在(某时)前；如：He must have finished it by now. 到现在他一定已经完成了。
②在……间，在……时候。如：We work by day and sleep by night. 我们白天工作晚上睡觉。
5. up to now＝until now，from morning till night，for the time being暂时
at times有时，day by day一天天地，in no time立刻
6. during是介词，不能引导从句。
(四) in，to和on表示方位
1. in表示“在……之内”。如：Fujian lies in the south of China. 福建位于中国的东南部。
2. to表示在某范围之外的地方。如：Fujian lies to the south of Zhejiang Province. 福建位于浙江东南。
3. on表示“毗邻”“接壤”。如：Monglia lies on the north of China. 蒙古位于中国北部。
注意一些表示地点场所介词短语的引伸、比喻含义:
in the mud在泥中，beyond hope绝望，in freezing在严寒天气中，in danger在危险中，in trouble在困境中，in public在公共场合中，under construction在建设中，on business出差，in the same boat处境一样，on sale在出售
(五) 表示方式、手段、工具等的介词(by，on，in，with)
1. by：The blind men thought they could learn what the elephant looked like by touching it.make a living by teaching/ by hand(手工地，靠手工地)，by letter，by post，by electricity，learn sth by heart，struck by the beauty(因美丽而着迷),He was paid by the hour/ the day/ month/…(他按时/日/月/……被付给工钱。)by plane/ train/ ship/ air/ water/ sea/…，by means of(用……手段，方式),by way of(经由，取道于……),learn English by/ over/ through/ on the radio
2. on：live on food，kneel on one’s knees，lie/ sleep on one’s back / side / face(仰/侧/俯卧睡)
3. in：in English，in ink，in silence，in one voice(异口同声地)，in a hurry(匆忙地)，in surprise(惊讶地)
4. with： write with a pen，work with one’s hands，smell with one’s nose，beat the horse with a whip(鞭子)
(六) 介词与某些词类的搭配
某些词类对介词有不同要求，即要求有固定的介词与其搭配，构成固定用法。
1. 名词与介词的固定搭配
①常与to连用的名词：key，answer，visit，apology，introduction
如:the key to the test，business visit to America，the introduction to the book
②常与in连用的名词：interest，satisfaction，expert 如:an expert in swimming
③常与on连用的名词：mercy，congratulation
如:have mercy on sb
④其它常用“名、介”搭配：prize for，respect for，victory over，struggle with
⑤注意：汉语中表达“……的”，在英语中要用多个介词，应区别不同含义。如:
a friend of mine 我的一个朋友(of 表示“属于”)
a ticket for tonight 一张今晚的票(for 表示“给……用”)
a story about Lei Feng 雷锋的故事(about表示“关于”)
a key to the door 这扇门的钥匙(to表示“对于”)
a lecture on American history 一场关于美国历史的演讲(on表示“论述”)
2. 形容词与介词的固定搭配
①常与at连用的形容词：afraid， angry， good， bad， clever， terrified， surprised
②常与of连用的形容词：afraid， sure， full， tired， fond， proud， worthy， certain
③常与with连用的形容词：angry， strict， careful， busy， popular
④常与in连用的形容词：weak， strict， rich， interested， successful
⑤常与to连用的形容词：next， good， polite， kind， cruel， rude， known， married， close， near， similar， due
⑥常与for连用的形容词：sorry， good， famous， fit， unfit， eager， anxious， hungry
⑦常与from连用的形容词：far， different， free， safe， absent， tired
⑧常与about连用的形容词：sorry， worried， anxious， careful， sure， certain
说明：使用时要注意一个形容词与不同介词搭配的不同含义。如：
He was angry at losing it. (表“生气”的原因)
Don’t be angry with him. (表“生气”的对象)
He is good at maths.(表“擅长于”)
He is good to me.(表“对某人友好”)
It is good for him.(表“对他有益”)
(七) 相近介词(短语)辨析
1. on“关于”，学术性强：a lecture on computer
about“关于”，知识性或随便谈论：a discussion
about the plan
2. go/come/walk/run后只能用into， put/sit down/throw/jump/fall后可用in/into
3. over 在……正上方
under 在……正下方
above 在……上面(不一定垂直上方)
below 在……下面
4. in an hour 一小时后，用于将来时
after an hour 一小时后，用于过去时
5. beside 在……旁边
besides 除……之外(还有)
6. a hole in the wall
a picture on the wall
7. a piece of news in the newspaper
the words in the envelop
8. the tallest boy of(in) the class/school/…
(像class这类群体单位名词前可用of或in)
the tallest(boy) of the ten boys
(像boys这类非群体名词前，只能用of)
9. with the help / the permission of…
在…… 帮助/允诺下
under the leadership / the care of…
在……领导/关心下
10. be familiar with sb/sth
熟悉某人/某物
be familiar to sb
……为某人所熟悉
11. be absent from meeting/class
开会/上课缺席
be sbsent in sp 不在某处
12. be strict with sb 对某人严格要求
be strict in sth 严格对待某事
13. Shanghai lies in the east of China.
上海位于中国的东部(在中国境内)。
Korea lies on the east of China.
朝鲜与中国的东部接壤。
Japan lies to the east of China.
日本位于中国的东部(不接壤)。
14. at least 至少
in the least 丝毫，一点
15. in the air 空中，在流传
on the air播出
16. shout to 呼喊，向……喊
shout at 对……吼，责骂
17. in the way 挡路，障碍，妨碍
in a way 在某点上，在某种程度上
by the way 顺便问一下
on one’s way(to) 在……路上
18. at the corner 在拐角处(外角)
in the corner 在拐角里，在角落里(内角)
19. on fire 着火，失火
on the fire 在火上
at the fire 在炉边
20. in the end＝at last＝finally
at the end of 在……结束时，在……末端
at the end最后
21. sometime 某时
some time 某段时间，某一时期
sometimes 有时
22. at a time＝each time 每次
at one time＝once 曾经
23. for a moment＝for a while/minute 一会儿
for the moment 暂时
in a moment 立刻
at the moment 当时
the moment/minute/second/instance…
＝as soon as 一……就
24. be tired of…讨厌……
be tired with…因……而疲倦
25. be popular with sb 受某人的欢迎
be popular for 因……而流行
26. be pleased with＋名词/what从句 对……满意
be pleased at＋抽象名词 听/看到……而高兴
27. be known to sb 为某人所知
be known as 作为……而出名，被叫作……
be known for 因……而出名
28. be busy with sth 忙于某事
be busy(in) doing sth 忙着做某事
●巩固练习
介词填空
在下列各句的空格处填入适当的介词。
1. Don’t expose the film _______ light.
2. There’s no profit _______ running a cinema in this city.
3.The chemicals in the smoke from factories or cars do great harm _______ animals and plants.
4. There is a great potential energy _______ the broad masses of people.
5. After class, we should take part _______ some social activities such as planting trees.
6. _______ a general rule, he goes out early every morning looking for work.
7. Before doing the experiments, we must keep what the teacher said _______ mind.
8. Go and sea what happened, Maybe they are in need _______ your help .
9. The were trapped _______ traffic this morning, so they were late.
10. China has long been a leader in the field of genetic research with the aim _______ improving agriculture.
11. His not coming added _______ our trouble in designing the structure.
12. _______ a student, you should learn to aid others with their difficulties.
13. The achievement of being chosen _______ the final gave Kira the confidence to go through with it.
14. This kind of game, popular _______ many young people, is played all over the country.
15. The geography teacher told us the earth moves _______ the sun.
16. I first met Lisa three years ago. She was working _______ the radio shop at that time.
17. He hated having to share the hotel bathroom a stranger.
18. His uncle is famous as an artist, especially in oil paintings.
19. Nowadays, more and more teenagers have an appetite _______ computer games.
20. Being short of money, I applied _______ a teaching post at the school.
（作者：崔恒标，盐城市第一中学）
参考答案：
1. to 2. in 3. to 4. among5. in 6. As 7. in 8. of 9. in 10. of 11. to 12. As 13. for14. with15. around16.at 17. with 18. in 19. for20.for