在食品生产和贸易中,食品标准不断增加,本文讨论了其对低收入国家出口机会以及这些国家的发展的影响。食品标准的增加通常被视为贫穷国家的威胁,会减少他们的出口机会,导致贸易收益的分配不均及贫困农民的边缘化,然而,关于食品标准增加对发展的影响,还是有很多争议,实证研究也得出了不同的结论。在本文中,我们对这些争议及实验性证据进行了概述。 In food production and trade, food standards are steadily increasing and this article discusses its impact on export opportunities in low-income countries and the development of these countries. The increase in food standards is often viewed as a threat to poor countries, reducing their export opportunities, leading to inequitable distribution of trade benefits and marginalization of poor farmers. However, there are still many controversies over the impact of the increase in food standards on development. Empirical studies also come to different conclusions. In this article, we outline these controversies and experimental evidence.